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Title: GitHub - todbot/circuitpython-tricks: Some CircuitPython tricks, mostly reminders to myself

Open Graph Title: GitHub - todbot/circuitpython-tricks: Some CircuitPython tricks, mostly reminders to myself

X Title: GitHub - todbot/circuitpython-tricks: Some CircuitPython tricks, mostly reminders to myself

Description: Some CircuitPython tricks, mostly reminders to myself - todbot/circuitpython-tricks

Open Graph Description: Some CircuitPython tricks, mostly reminders to myself - todbot/circuitpython-tricks

X Description: Some CircuitPython tricks, mostly reminders to myself - todbot/circuitpython-tricks

Opengraph URL: https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks

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Issues 4	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks/issues
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239 Commits	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks/commits/main/
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks/commits/main/
larger-tricks	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks/tree/main/larger-tricks
larger-tricks	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks/tree/main/larger-tricks
synthio	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks/tree/main/synthio
synthio	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks/tree/main/synthio
.gitignore	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks/blob/main/.gitignore
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LICENSE.TXT	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks/blob/main/LICENSE.TXT
LICENSE.TXT	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks/blob/main/LICENSE.TXT
README.md	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks/blob/main/README.md
README.md	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks/blob/main/README.md
README	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks
MIT license	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#circuitpython-tricks
circuitpython-tricks/larger-tricks	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks/blob/main/larger-tricks
Learn Guide on Adafruit	https://learn.adafruit.com/todbot-circuitpython-tricks?view=all
The Python Tutorial	https://docs.python.org/3/tutorial/
CircuitPython API reference	https://docs.circuitpython.org/en/latest/docs/
"Core Modules > Modules" section	https://docs.circuitpython.org/en/latest/shared-bindings/index.html#modules
Pure-Python libraries in Adafruit Library Bundle	https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_CircuitPython_Bundle
drivers	https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_CircuitPython_Bundle/tree/main/libraries/drivers
helpers	https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_CircuitPython_Bundle/tree/main/libraries/helpers
CircuitPython Essentials Learn Guide	https://learn.adafruit.com/circuitpython-essentials
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#table-of-contents
Inputs	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#inputs
Read a digital input as a Button	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#read-a-digital-input-as-a-button
Read a Potentiometer	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#read-a-potentiometer
Read a Touch Pin / Capsense	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#read-a-touch-pin--capsense
Read a Rotary Encoder	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#read-a-rotary-encoder
Debounce a pin / button	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#debounce-a-pin--button
Detect button double-click	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#detect-button-double-click
Set up and debounce a list of pins	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#set-up-and-debounce-a-list-of-pins
Outputs	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#outputs
Output HIGH / LOW on a pin (like an LED)	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#output-high--low-on-a-pin-like-an-led
Output Analog value on a DAC pin	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#output-analog-value-on-a-dac-pin
Output a "Analog" value on a PWM pin	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#output-a-analog-value-on-a-pwm-pin
Control Neopixel / WS2812 LEDs	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#control-neopixel--ws2812-leds
Control a servo, with animation list	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#control-a-servo-with-animation-list
Neopixels / Dotstars	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#neopixels--dotstars
Light each LED in order	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#light-each-led-in-order
Moving rainbow on built-in board.NEOPIXEL	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#moving-rainbow-on-built-in-boardneopixel
Make moving rainbow gradient across LED strip	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#make-moving-rainbow-gradient-across-led-strip
Fade all LEDs by amount for chase effects	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#fade-all-leds-by-amount-for-chase-effects
Audio	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#audio
Making simple tones	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#making-simple-tones
Play a WAV file	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#play-a-wav-file
Audio out using PWM	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#audio-out-using-pwm
Audio out using DAC	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#audio-out-using-dac
Audio out using I2S	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#audio-out-using-i2s
Use audiomixer to prevent audio crackles	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#use-audiomixer-to-prevent-audio-crackles
Play multiple sounds with audiomixer	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#play-multiple-sounds-with-audiomixer
Playing MP3 files	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#playing-mp3-files
USB	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#usb
Rename CIRCUITPY drive to something new	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#rename-circuitpy-drive-to-something-new
Detect if USB is connected or not	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#detect-if-usb-is-connected-or-not
Get CIRCUITPY disk size and free space	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#get-circuitpy-disk-size-and-free-space
Programmatically reset to UF2 bootloader	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#programmatically-reset-to-uf2-bootloader
USB Serial	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#usb-serial
Print to USB Serial	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#print-to-usb-serial
Read user input from USB Serial, blocking	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#read-user-input-from-usb-serial-blocking
Read user input from USB Serial, non-blocking (mostly)	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#read-user-input-from-usb-serial-non-blocking-mostly
Read keys from USB Serial	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#read-keys-from-usb-serial
Read user input from USB serial, non-blocking	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#read-user-input-from-usb-serial-non-blocking
USB Keyboard & Mouse	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#usb-keyboard-mouse
Sending keystrokes and mouse moves	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#sending-keystrokes-and-mouse-moves
USB MIDI	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#usb-midi
Sending MIDI with adafruit_midi	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#sending-midi-with-adafruit_midi
Sending MIDI with bytearray	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#sending-midi-with-bytearray
MIDI over Serial UART	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#midi-over-serial-uart
Receiving MIDI	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#receiving-midi
Receiving MIDI USB and MIDI Serial UART together	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#receiving-midi-usb-and-midi-serial-uart-together
Enable USB MIDI in boot.py (for ESP32-S2 and STM32F4)	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#enable-usb-midi-in-bootpy-for-esp32-s2-and-stm32f4
WiFi / Networking	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#wifi--networking
Scan for WiFi Networks, sorted by signal strength	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#scan-for-wifi-networks-sorted-by-signal-strength
Join WiFi network with highest signal strength	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#join-wifi-network-with-highest-signal-strength
Ping an IP address	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#ping-an-ip-address
Get IP address of remote host	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#get-ip-address-of-remote-host
Fetch a JSON file	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#fetch-a-json-file
Serve a webpage via HTTP	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#serve-a-webpage-via-http
Set RTC time from NTP	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#set-rtc-time-from-ntp
Set RTC time from time service	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#set-rtc-time-from-time-service
What the heck is settings.toml?	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#what-the-heck-is-settingstoml
What the heck is secrets.py?	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#what-the-heck-is-secretspy
Displays (LCD / OLED / E-Ink) and displayio	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#displays-lcd--oled--e-ink-and-displayio
Get default display and change display rotation	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#get-default-display-and-change-display-rotation
Display an image	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#display-an-image
Display background bitmap	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#display-background-bitmap
Image slideshow	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#image-slideshow
Dealing with E-Ink "Refresh Too Soon" error	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#dealing-with-e-ink-refresh-too-soon-error
Turn off REPL on built-in display	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#turn-off-repl-on-built-in-display
I2C	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#i2c
Scan I2C bus for devices	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#scan-i2c-bus-for-devices
Speed up I2C bus	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#speed-up-i2c-bus
Timing	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#timing
Measure how long something takes	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#measure-how-long-something-takes
More accurate timing with ticks_ms(), like Arduino millis()	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#more-accurate-timing-with-ticks_ms-like-arduino-millis
Control garbage collection for reliable timing	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#control-garbage-collection-for-reliable-timing
Converting milliseconds to seconds: 0.004 * 1000 != 4, sometimes	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#converting-milliseconds-to-seconds-0004--1000--4-sometimes
Board Info	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#board-info
Get CPU speed (and set it!)	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#get-cpu-speed-and-set-it
Display amount of free RAM	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#display-amount-of-free-ram
Show microcontroller.pin to board mappings	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#show-microcontrollerpin-to-board-mappings
Determine which board you're on	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#determine-which-board-youre-on
Support multiple boards with one code.py	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#support-multiple-boards-with-one-codepy
Computery Tasks	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#computery-tasks
Formatting strings	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#formatting-strings
Formatting strings with f-strings	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#formatting-strings-with-f-strings
Using regular expressions to "findall" strings	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#using-regular-expressions-to-findall-strings
Make and use a config file	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#make-and-use-a-config-file
Run different code.py on startup	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#run-different-codepy-on-startup
Coding Techniques	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#coding-techniques
Map an input range to an output range	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#map-an-input-range-to-an-output-range
Constrain an input to a min/max	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#constrain-an-input-to-a-minmax
Turn a momentary value into a toggle	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#turn-a-momentary-value-into-a-toggle
Do something every N seconds without sleep()	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#do-something-every-n-seconds-without-sleep
System error handling	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#system-error-handling
Preventing Ctrl-C from stopping the program	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#preventing-ctrl-c-from-stopping-the-program
Prevent auto-reload when CIRCUITPY is touched	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#prevent-auto-reload-when-circuitpy-is-touched
Raspberry Pi Pico boot.py Protection	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#raspberry-pi-pico-bootpy-protection
Using the REPL	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#using-the-repl
Display built-in modules / libraries	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#display-built-in-modules--libraries
Turn off built-in display to speed up REPL printing	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#turn-off-built-in-display-to-speed-up-repl-printing
Useful REPL one-liners	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#useful-repl-one-liners
Python tricks	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#python-tricks
Create list with elements all the same value	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#create-list-with-elements-all-the-same-value
Convert RGB tuples to int and back again	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#convert-rgb-tuples-to-int-and-back-again
Storing multiple values per list entry	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#storing-multiple-values-per-list-entry
Python info	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#python-info
Display which (not built-in) libraries have been imported	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#display-which-not-built-in-libraries-have-been-imported
List names of all global variables	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#list-names-of-all-global-variables
Display the running CircuitPython release	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#display-the-running-circuitpython-release
Host-side tasks	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#host-side-tasks
Installing CircuitPython libraries	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#installing-circuitpython-libraries
Installing libraries with circup	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#installing-libraries-with-circup
Copying libraries by hand with cp	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#copying-libraries-by-hand-with-cp
Preparing images for CircuitPython	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#preparing-images-for-circuitpython
Online	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#online
Command-line: using ImageMagick	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#command-line-using-imagemagick
Command-line: using GraphicsMagick	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#command-line-using-graphicsmagick
Making images smaller or for E-Ink displays	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#making-images-smaller-or-for-e-ink-displays
NodeJs: using gm	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#nodejs-using-gm
Python: using PIL / pillow	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#python-using-pil--pillow
Preparing audio files for CircuitPython	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#preparing-audio-files-for-circuitpython
WAV files	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#wav-files
MP3 files	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#mp3-files
Getting sox	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#getting-sox
Circup hacks	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#circup-hacks
Finding where circup stores its files	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#finding-where-circup-stores-its-files
Building CircuitPython	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#building-circuitpython
About this guide	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#about-this-guide
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#inputs
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#read-a-digital-input-as-a-button
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#read-a-potentiometer
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#read-a-touch-pin--capsense
theremin-like behavior	https://gist.github.com/todbot/bb4ec9c509f8c301e4787e5cb26ec870
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#read-a-rotary-encoder
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#debounce-a-pin--button
Set up and debounce a list of pins	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#set-up-and-debounce-a-list-of-pins
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#detect-button-double-click
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#set-up-and-debounce-a-list-of-pins
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#outputs
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#output-high--low-on-a-pin-like-an-led
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#output-analog-value-on-a-dac-pin
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#output-a-analog-value-on-a-pwm-pin
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#control-neopixel--ws2812-leds
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#control-a-servo-with-animation-list
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#neopixels--dotstars
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#light-each-led-in-order
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#moving-rainbow-on-built-in-boardneopixel
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#make-moving-rainbow-gradient-across-led-strip
demo of it in this tweet	https://twitter.com/todbot/status/1397992493833097218
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#fade-all-leds-by-amount-for-chase-effects
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#audio
fully-fledged audio synthesizer with synthio	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-synthio-tricks
Preparing Audio Files for CircuitPython	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#preparing-audio-files-for-circuitpython
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#making-simple-tones
simpleio	https://docs.circuitpython.org/projects/simpleio/en/latest/examples.html#id1
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#play-a-wav-file
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#audio-out-using-pwm
audiopwomio Support Matrix	https://circuitpython.readthedocs.io/en/latest/shared-bindings/support_matrix.html?filter=audiopwmio
AudioMixer	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#use-audiomixer-to-prevent-audio-crackles
this simple circuit	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks/blob/main/larger-tricks/docs/breakbeat_sampleplayer_wiring.png
this twitter thread for details	https://twitter.com/todbot/status/1403451581593374720
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#audio-out-using-dac
audioio Support Matrix	https://circuitpython.readthedocs.io/en/latest/shared-bindings/support_matrix.html?filter=audioio
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#audio-out-using-i2s
audiobusio Support Matrix	https://circuitpython.readthedocs.io/en/latest/shared-bindings/support_matrix.html?filter=audiobusio
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#use-audiomixer-to-prevent-audio-crackles
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#play-multiple-sounds-with-audiomixer
larger-tricks	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks/blob/main/larger-tricks
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#playing-mp3-files
FunHouse	https://www.adafruit.com/product/4985
https://gist.github.com/todbot/f35bb5ceed013a277688b2ca333244d5	https://gist.github.com/todbot/f35bb5ceed013a277688b2ca333244d5
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#usb
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#rename-circuitpy-drive-to-something-new
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#detect-if-usb-is-connected-or-not
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#get-circuitpy-disk-size-and-free-space
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#programmatically-reset-to-uf2-bootloader
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#usb-serial
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#print-to-usb-serial
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#read-user-input-from-usb-serial-blocking
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#read-user-input-from-usb-serial-non-blocking-mostly
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#read-keys-from-usb-serial
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#read-user-input-from-usb-serial-non-blocking
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#usb-keyboard--mouse
CircuitPython Essentials	https://learn.adafruit.com/circuitpython-essentials/circuitpython-hid-keyboard-and-mouse
the bundle	https://circuitpython.org/libraries
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#sending-keystrokes-and-mouse-moves
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#usb-midi
adafruit_midi	https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_CircuitPython_MIDI
TMIDI	https://github.com/todbot/CircuitPython_TMIDI
SmolMIDI	https://github.com/wntrblm/Winterbloom_SmolMIDI
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#sending-midi-with-adafruit_midi
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#sending-midi-with-bytearray
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#midi-over-serial-uart
simple MIDI out circuit	https://learn.adafruit.com/qt-py-rp2040-usb-to-serial-midi-friends/circuit-diagram
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#receiving-midi
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#receiving-midi-usb-and-midi-serial-uart-together
this one for QTPys	https://www.denki-oto.com/store/p74/MICROMIDITRS-USB.html#/
this one for MacroPad RP2040	https://www.tindie.com/products/todbot/macropadsynthplug-turn-rp2040-into-a-synth/
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#enable-usb-midi-in-bootpy-for-esp32-s2-and-stm32f4
USB endpoints to enable all USB functions	https://learn.adafruit.com/customizing-usb-devices-in-circuitpython/how-many-usb-devices-can-i-have
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#wifi--networking
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#scan-for-wifi-networks-sorted-by-signal-strength
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#join-wifi-network-with-highest-signal-strength
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#ping-an-ip-address
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#get-ip-address-of-remote-host
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#fetch-a-json-file
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#serve-a-webpage-via-http
adafruit_httpserver	https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_CircuitPython_HTTPServer
Ampule library	https://github.com/deckerego/ampule
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#set-rtc-time-from-ntp
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#set-rtc-time-from-time-service
WorldTimeAPI.org site	http://worldtimeapi.org/pages/examples
this more concise version from @deilers78	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks/issues/14#issuecomment-1489181920
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#what-the-heck-is-settingstoml
CircuitPython Web Workflow	https://docs.circuitpython.org/en/latest/docs/workflows.html#web
Web Workflow	https://docs.circuitpython.org/en/latest/docs/workflows.html#web
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#what-the-heck-is-secretspy
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#displays-lcd--oled--e-ink-and-displayio
displayio	https://circuitpython.readthedocs.io/en/latest/shared-bindings/displayio/
I2C	https://circuitpython.readthedocs.io/en/latest/shared-bindings/displayio/#displayio.I2CDisplay
SPI	https://circuitpython.readthedocs.io/en/latest/shared-bindings/displayio/#displayio.FourWire
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#get-default-display-and-change-display-rotation
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#display-an-image
displayio.OnDiskBitmap	https://docs.circuitpython.org/en/latest/shared-bindings/displayio/index.html#displayio.OnDiskBitmap
how to make BMP3 images	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#preparing-images-for-circuitpython
palettized BMP3 format	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#preparing-images-for-circuitpython
Bitmap	https://docs.circuitpython.org/en/latest/shared-bindings/displayio/#displayio.Bitmap
Palette	https://docs.circuitpython.org/en/latest/shared-bindings/displayio/#displayio.Palette
TileGrid	https://docs.circuitpython.org/en/latest/shared-bindings/displayio/#displayio.TileGrid
Group	https://docs.circuitpython.org/en/latest/shared-bindings/displayio/#displayio.Group
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#display-background-bitmap
vectorio	https://docs.circuitpython.org/en/latest/shared-bindings/vectorio/index.html
adafruit_display_shapes	https://docs.circuitpython.org/projects/display-shapes/en/latest/index.html
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#image-slideshow
Preparing images for CircuitPython	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#preparing-images-for-circuitpython
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#dealing-with-e-ink-refresh-too-soon-error
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#turn-off-repl-on-built-in-display
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#i2c
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#scan-i2c-bus-for-devices
CircuitPython I2C Guide: Find Your Sensor	https://learn.adafruit.com/circuitpython-essentials/circuitpython-i2c#find-your-sensor-2985153-11
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#speed-up-i2c-bus
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#timing
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#measure-how-long-something-takes
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#more-accurate-timing-with-ticks_ms-like-arduino-millis
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#control-garbage-collection-for-reliable-timing
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#converting-milliseconds-to-seconds-0004--1000--4-sometimes
CircuitPython has reduced floating point precision (30-bit instead of 32-bit)	https://learn.adafruit.com/welcome-to-circuitpython/frequently-asked-questions#faq-3129274
further discusion here	https://github.com/adafruit/circuitpython/issues/9237
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#board-info
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#get-cpu-speed-and-set-it
microcontroller.cpu.frequency	https://docs.circuitpython.org/en/latest/shared-bindings/microcontroller/index.html#microcontroller.Processor.frequency
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#display-amount-of-free-ram
https://learn.adafruit.com/welcome-to-circuitpython/frequently-asked-questions	https://learn.adafruit.com/welcome-to-circuitpython/frequently-asked-questions
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#show-microcontrollerpin-to-board-mappings
https://gist.github.com/anecdata/1c345cb2d137776d76b97a5d5678dc97	https://gist.github.com/anecdata/1c345cb2d137776d76b97a5d5678dc97
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#determine-which-board-youre-on
ports/espressif/boards/	https://github.com/adafruit/circuitpython/tree/main/ports/espressif/boards
circuitpython-stubs	https://pypi.org/project/circuitpython-stubs/
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#support-multiple-boards-with-one-codepy
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#computery-tasks
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#formatting-strings
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#formatting-strings-with-f-strings
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#using-regular-expressions-to-findall-strings
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#make-and-use-a-config-file
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#run-different-codepy-on-startup
supervisor.set_next_code_file()	https://circuitpython.readthedocs.io/en/latest/shared-bindings/supervisor/index.html#supervisor.set_next_code_file
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#coding-techniques
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#map-an-input-range-to-an-output-range
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#constrain-an-input-to-a-minmax
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#turn-a-momentary-value-into-a-toggle
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#do-something-every-n-seconds-without-sleep
uses ticks_ms()	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#more-accurate-timing-with-ticks_ms-like-arduino-millis
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#system-error-handling
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#preventing-ctrl-c-from-stopping-the-program
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#prevent-auto-reload-when-circuitpy-is-touched
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#raspberry-pi-pico-bootpy-protection
https://gist.github.com/Neradoc/8056725be1c209475fd09ffc37c9fad4	https://gist.github.com/Neradoc/8056725be1c209475fd09ffc37c9fad4
getting into Safe Mode with a REPL one-liner	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#useful-repl-one-liners
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#using-the-repl
tio	https://github.com/tio/tio
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#display-built-in-modules--libraries
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#turn-off-built-in-display-to-speed-up-repl-printing
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#useful-repl-one-liners
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#python-tricks
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#create-list-with-elements-all-the-same-value
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#convert-rgb-tuples-to-int-and-back-again
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#storing-multiple-values-per-list-entry
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#python-info
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#display-which-not-built-in-libraries-have-been-imported
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#list-names-of-all-global-variables
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#display-the-running-circuitpython-release
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#host-side-tasks
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#installing-circuitpython-libraries
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#installing-libraries-with-circup
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#copying-libraries-by-hand-with-cp
CircuitPython Library Bundle	https://circuitpython.org/libraries
CircuitPython Community Bundle	https://github.com/adafruit/CircuitPython_Community_Bundle/releases
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#preparing-images-for-circuitpython
displayio.OnDiskBitmap()	https://docs.circuitpython.org/en/latest/shared-bindings/displayio/#displayio.OnDiskBitmap
adafruit_imageload	https://docs.circuitpython.org/projects/imageload/en/latest/index.html
https://learn.adafruit.com/creating-your-first-tilemap-game-with-circuitpython/indexed-bmp-graphics	https://learn.adafruit.com/creating-your-first-tilemap-game-with-circuitpython/indexed-bmp-graphics
https://learn.adafruit.com/preparing-graphics-for-e-ink-displays	https://learn.adafruit.com/preparing-graphics-for-e-ink-displays
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#online
convert2bmp	https://online-converting.com/image/convert2bmp/
https://cancerberosgx.github.io/magic/playground/	https://cancerberosgx.github.io/magic/playground/
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#command-line-using-imagemagick
ImageMagick	https://imagemagick.org/
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#command-line-using-graphicsmagick
GraphicsMagick	http://www.graphicsmagick.org/
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#making-images-smaller-or-for-e-ink-displays
"-dither" options	https://legacy.imagemagick.org/Usage/quantize/#colors
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#nodejs-using-gm
gm library	https://github.com/aheckmann/gm
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#python-using-pil--pillow
Python Image Library (PIL) fork pillow	https://pillow.readthedocs.io/en/stable/index.html
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#preparing-audio-files-for-circuitpython
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#wav-files
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#mp3-files
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#getting-sox
http://sox.sourceforge.net/	http://sox.sourceforge.net/
https://learn.adafruit.com/circuitpython-essentials/circuitpython-audio-out#play-a-wave-file-2994862-6	https://learn.adafruit.com/circuitpython-essentials/circuitpython-audio-out#play-a-wave-file-2994862-6
https://learn.adafruit.com/adafruit-wave-shield-audio-shield-for-arduino/convert-files	https://learn.adafruit.com/adafruit-wave-shield-audio-shield-for-arduino/convert-files
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#circup-hacks
circup	https://learn.adafruit.com/keep-your-circuitpython-libraries-on-devices-up-to-date-with-circup?view=all
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#finding-where-circup-stores-its-files
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#building-circuitpython
"Building CircuitPython" Learn Guide	https://learn.adafruit.com/building-circuitpython/build-circuitpython
already installed the system-level prerequisites	https://learn.adafruit.com/building-circuitpython/introduction
	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#about-this-guide
QTPy Tricks	https://github.com/todbot/qtpy-tricks
taught classes in Arduino	https://todbot.com/blog/bionicarduino/
tips-and-tricks	https://github.com/topics/tips-and-tricks
circuitpython	https://github.com/topics/circuitpython
qtpy	https://github.com/topics/qtpy
pico	https://github.com/topics/pico
itsybitsy	https://github.com/topics/itsybitsy
displayio	https://github.com/topics/displayio
itsybitsym4	https://github.com/topics/itsybitsym4
rp2040	https://github.com/topics/rp2040
raspberrypipico	https://github.com/topics/raspberrypipico
Readme	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#readme-ov-file
MIT license	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks#MIT-1-ov-file
Please reload this page	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks
Activity	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks/activity
723 stars	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks/stargazers
42 watching	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks/watchers
76 forks	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks/forks
Report repository	https://github.com/contact/report-content?content_url=https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Ftodbot%2Fcircuitpython-tricks&report=todbot+%28user%29
Releases	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks/releases
Packages 0	https://github.com/users/todbot/packages?repo_name=circuitpython-tricks
Please reload this page	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks
Contributors 3	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks/graphs/contributors
	https://github.com/todbot
todbot Tod Kurt	https://github.com/todbot
	https://github.com/fabaff
fabaff Fabian Affolter	https://github.com/fabaff
	https://github.com/CCR010
CCR010	https://github.com/CCR010
Python 99.5%	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks/search?l=python
Shell 0.5%	https://github.com/todbot/circuitpython-tricks/search?l=shell
	https://github.com
Terms	https://docs.github.com/site-policy/github-terms/github-terms-of-service
Privacy	https://docs.github.com/site-policy/privacy-policies/github-privacy-statement
Security	https://github.com/security
Status	https://www.githubstatus.com/
Community	https://github.community/
Docs	https://docs.github.com/
Contact	https://support.github.com?tags=dotcom-footer

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