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| https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book#general-questions |
| What are machine learning and data science? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/datascience-ml.md |
| Why do you and other people sometimes implement machine learning algorithms from scratch? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/implementing-from-scratch.md |
| What learning path/discipline in data science I should focus on? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/data-science-career.md |
| At what point should one start contributing to open source? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/open-source.md |
| How important do you think having a mentor is to the learning process? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/mentor.md |
| Where are the best online communities centered around data science/machine learning or python? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/ml-python-communities.md |
| How would you explain machine learning to a software engineer? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/ml-to-a-programmer.md |
| How would your curriculum for a machine learning beginner look like? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/ml-curriculum.md |
| What is the Definition of Data Science? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/definition_data-science.md |
| How do Data Scientists perform model selection? Is it different from Kaggle? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/model-selection-in-datascience.md |
| https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book#questions-about-the-machine-learning-field |
| What are some real-world examples of applications of machine learning in the field? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/ml-examples.md |
| What are the different fields of study in data mining? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/datamining-overview.md |
| What are differences in research nature between the two fields: machine learning & data mining? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/datamining-vs-ml.md |
| How do I know if the problem is solvable through machine learning? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/ml-solvable.md |
| What are the origins of machine learning? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/ml-origins.md |
| How was classification, as a learning machine, developed? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/classifier-history.md |
| Which machine learning algorithms can be considered as among the best? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/best-ml-algo.md |
| What are the broad categories of classifiers? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/classifier-categories.md |
| What is the difference between a classifier and a model? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/difference_classifier_model.md |
| What is the difference between a parametric learning algorithm and a nonparametric learning algorithm? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/parametric_vs_nonparametric.md |
| What is the difference between a cost function and a loss function in machine learning? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/cost-vs-loss.md |
| https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book#questions-about-ml-concepts-and-statistics |
| https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book#cost-functions-and-optimization |
| Fitting a model via closed-form equations vs. Gradient Descent vs Stochastic Gradient Descent vs Mini-Batch Learning -- what is the difference? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/closed-form-vs-gd.md |
| How do you derive the Gradient Descent rule for Linear Regression and Adaline? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/linear-gradient-derivative.md |
| https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book#regression-analysis |
| What is the difference between Pearson R and Simple Linear Regression? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/pearson-r-vs-linear-regr.md |
| https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book#tree-models |
| How does the random forest model work? How is it different from bagging and boosting in ensemble models? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/bagging-boosting-rf.md |
| What are the disadvantages of using classic decision tree algorithm for a large dataset? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/decision-tree-disadvantages.md |
| Why are implementations of decision tree algorithms usually binary, and what are the advantages of the different impurity metrics? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/decision-tree-binary.md |
| Why are we growing decision trees via entropy instead of the classification error? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/decisiontree-error-vs-entropy.md |
| When can a random forest perform terribly? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/random-forest-perform-terribly.md |
| https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book#model-evaluation |
| What is overfitting? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/overfitting.md |
| Is it always better to have the largest possible number of folds when performing cross validation? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/number-of-kfolds.md |
| When training an SVM classifier, is it better to have a large or small number of support vectors? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/num-support-vectors.md |
| How do I evaluate a model? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/evaluate-a-model.md |
| What is the best validation metric for multi-class classification? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/multiclass-metric.md |
| What factors should I consider when choosing a predictive model technique? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/choosing-technique.md |
| What are the best toy datasets to help visualize and understand classifier behavior? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/clf-behavior-data.md |
| How do I select SVM kernels? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/select_svm_kernels.md |
| Interlude: Comparing and Computing Performance Metrics in Cross-Validation -- Imbalanced Class Problems and 3 Different Ways to Compute the F1 Score | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/computing-the-f1-score.md |
| https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book#logistic-regression |
| What is Softmax regression and how is it related to Logistic regression? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/softmax_regression.md |
| Why is logistic regression considered a linear model? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/logistic_regression_linear.md |
| What is the probabilistic interpretation of regularized logistic regression? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/probablistic-logistic-regression.md |
| Does regularization in logistic regression always results in better fit and better generalization? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/regularized-logistic-regression-performance.md |
| What is the major difference between naive Bayes and logistic regression? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/naive-bayes-vs-logistic-regression.md |
| What exactly is the "softmax and the multinomial logistic loss" in the context of machine learning? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/softmax.md |
| What is the relation between Loigistic Regression and Neural Networks and when to use which? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/logisticregr-neuralnet.md |
| Logistic Regression: Why sigmoid function? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/logistic-why-sigmoid.md |
| Is there an analytical solution to Logistic Regression similar to the Normal Equation for Linear Regression? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/logistic-analytical.md |
| https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book#neural-networks-and-deep-learning |
| What is the difference between deep learning and usual machine learning? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/difference-deep-and-normal-learning.md |
| Can you give a visual explanation for the back propagation algorithm for neural networks? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/visual-backpropagation.md |
| Why did it take so long for deep networks to be invented? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/inventing-deeplearning.md |
| What are some good books/papers for learning deep learning? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/deep-learning-resources.md |
| Why are there so many deep learning libraries? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/many-deeplearning-libs.md |
| Why do some people hate neural networks/deep learning? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/deeplearning-criticism.md |
| How can I know if Deep Learning works better for a specific problem than SVM or random forest? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/deeplearn-vs-svm-randomforest.md |
| What is wrong when my neural network's error increases? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/neuralnet-error.md |
| How do I debug an artificial neural network algorithm? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/nnet-debugging-checklist.md |
| What is the difference between a Perceptron, Adaline, and neural network model? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/diff-perceptron-adaline-neuralnet.md |
| What is the basic idea behind the dropout technique? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/dropout.md |
| https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book#other-algorithms-for-supervised-learning |
| Why is Nearest Neighbor a Lazy Algorithm? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/lazy-knn.md |
| https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book#unsupervised-learning |
| What are some of the issues with clustering? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/issues-with-clustering.md |
| https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book#semi-supervised-learning |
| What are the advantages of semi-supervised learning over supervised and unsupervised learning? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/semi-vs-supervised.md |
| https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book#ensemble-methods |
| Is Combining Classifiers with Stacking Better than Selecting the Best One? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/logistic-boosting.md |
| https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book#preprocessing-feature-selection-and-extraction |
| Why do we need to re-use training parameters to transform test data? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/scale-training-test.md |
| What are the different dimensionality reduction methods in machine learning? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/dimensionality-reduction.md |
| What is the difference between LDA and PCA for dimensionality reduction? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/lda-vs-pca.md |
| When should I apply data normalization/standardization? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/when-to-standardize.md |
| Does mean centering or feature scaling affect a Principal Component Analysis? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/pca-scaling.md |
| How do you attack a machine learning problem with a large number of features? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/large-num-features.md |
| What are some common approaches for dealing with missing data? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/missing-data.md |
| What is the difference between filter, wrapper, and embedded methods for feature selection? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/feature_sele_categories.md |
| Should data preparation/pre-processing step be considered one part of feature engineering? Why or why not? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/dataprep-vs-dataengin.md |
| Is a bag of words feature representation for text classification considered as a sparse matrix? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/bag-of-words-sparsity.md |
| https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book#naive-bayes |
| Why is the Naive Bayes Classifier naive? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/naive-naive-bayes.md |
| What is the decision boundary for Naive Bayes? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/naive-bayes-boundary.md |
| Can I use Naive Bayes classifiers for mixed variable types? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/naive-bayes-vartypes.md |
| Is it possible to mix different variable types in Naive Bayes, for example, binary and continues features? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/naive-bayes-vartypes.md |
| https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book#other |
| What is Euclidean distance in terms of machine learning? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/euclidean-distance.md |
| When should one use median, as opposed to the mean or average? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/median-vs-mean.md |
| https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book#programming-languages-and-libraries-for-data-science-and-machine-learning |
| Is R used extensively today in data science? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/r-in-datascience.md |
| What is the main difference between TensorFlow and scikit-learn? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/tensorflow-vs-scikitlearn.md |
| https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book#questions-about-the-book |
| Can I use paragraphs and images from the book in presentations or my blog? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/copyright.md |
| How is this different from other machine learning books? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/different.md |
| Which version of Python was used in the code examples? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/py2py3.md |
| Which technologies and libraries are being used? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/technologies.md |
| Which book version/format would you recommend? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/version.md |
| Why did you choose Python for machine learning? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/why-python.md |
| Why do you use so many leading and trailing underscores in the code examples? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/underscore-convention.md |
| What is the purpose of the return self idioms in your code examples? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/return_self_idiom.md |
| Are there any prerequisites and recommended pre-readings? | https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/prerequisites.md |
| https://github.com/ademz/python-machine-learning-book#contact |
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