René's URL Explorer Experiment


Title: PCI Express - Wikipedia

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Links:

Jump to contenthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#bodyContent
Main pagehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page
Contentshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents
Current eventshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Current_events
Random articlehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:Random
About Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:About
Contact ushttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us
Helphttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Contents
Learn to edithttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Introduction
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Create accounthttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=PCI+Express
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Donatehttps://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en
Create accounthttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=PCI+Express
Log inhttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=PCI+Express
(Top) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express
1 Architecture https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#Architecture
1.1 Interconnect https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#Interconnect
1.2 Lane https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#Lane
1.3 Serial bus https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#Serial_bus
1.4 Switch https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#Switch
2 Form factors https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#Form_factors
2.1 PCI Express add-in card https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#PCI_Express_add-in_card
2.1.1 Non-standard video card form factors https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#Non-standard_video_card_form_factors
2.1.2 Pinout https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#Pinout
2.1.3 Power https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#Power
2.1.3.1 Slot power https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#Slot_power
2.1.3.2 6- and 8-pin power connectors https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#6-_and_8-pin_power_connectors
2.1.3.3 12VHPWR connector https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#12VHPWR_connector
2.1.3.4 48VHPWR connector https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#48VHPWR_connector
2.1.3.5 Power excursion https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#Power_excursion
2.2 PCI Express Mini Card https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#PCI_Express_Mini_Card
2.2.1 Physical dimensions https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#Physical_dimensions
2.2.2 Electrical interface https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#Electrical_interface
2.2.3 Mini-SATA (mSATA) variant https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#Mini-SATA_(mSATA)_variant
2.3 PCI Express M.2 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#PCI_Express_M.2
2.4 PCI Express External Cabling https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#PCI_Express_External_Cabling
2.4.1 PCI Express OCuLink https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#PCI_Express_OCuLink
2.4.2 CopprLink https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#CopprLink
2.5 Derivative forms https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#Derivative_forms
3 History and revisions https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#History_and_revisions
3.1 Comparison table https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#Comparison_table
3.2 PCI Express 1.0a https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#PCI_Express_1.0a
3.2.1 PCI Express 1.1 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#PCI_Express_1.1
3.3 PCI Express 2.0 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#PCI_Express_2.0
3.3.1 PCI Express 2.1 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#PCI_Express_2.1
3.4 PCI Express 3.0 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#PCI_Express_3.0
3.4.1 PCI Express 3.1 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#PCI_Express_3.1
3.5 PCI Express 4.0 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#PCI_Express_4.0
3.6 PCI Express 5.0 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#PCI_Express_5.0
3.7 PCI Express 6.0 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#PCI_Express_6.0
3.8 PCI Express 7.0 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#PCI_Express_7.0
3.9 PCI Express 8.0 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#PCI_Express_8.0
4 Extensions and future directions https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#Extensions_and_future_directions
4.1 Draft process https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#Draft_process
5 Hardware protocol summary https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#Hardware_protocol_summary
5.1 Physical layer https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#Physical_layer
5.1.1 Data transmission https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#Data_transmission
5.2 Data link layer https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#Data_link_layer
5.3 Transaction layer https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#Transaction_layer
5.4 Efficiency of the link https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#Efficiency_of_the_link
6 Applications https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#Applications
6.1 External GPUs https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#External_GPUs
6.2 Storage devices https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#Storage_devices
6.3 Cluster interconnect https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#Cluster_interconnect
7 Competing protocols https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#Competing_protocols
8 Integrators list https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#Integrators_list
9 See also https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#See_also
10 Notes https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#Notes
11 References https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#References
12 Further reading https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#Further_reading
13 External links https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#External_links
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UCIehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UCIe
EPCIhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EPCI
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Intelhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel
Dellhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dell
HPhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hewlett-Packard
IBMhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM
PCIhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peripheral_Component_Interconnect
PCI-Xhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI-X
AGPhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accelerated_Graphics_Port
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[a]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-2
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Serialhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serial_communication
ExpressCardhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ExpressCard
OCuLinkhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#PCI_Express_OCuLink
CFexpresshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CFexpress
U.2https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.2
OCuLinkhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#PCI_Express_OCuLink
PCI Express External Cablinghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#PCI_Express_External_Cabling
USB4https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USB4
Thunderbolthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thunderbolt_(interface)
pcisig.comhttps://pcisig.com/
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host bus adapterhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Host_bus_adapter
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:PCI-E_%26_PCI_slots_on_DFI_LanParty_nF4_SLI-DR_20050531.jpg
computer motherboardhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_motherboard
Conventional PCIhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conventional_PCI
[2]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-s5NDG-3
expansion bushttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expansion_bus
PCIhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peripheral_Component_Interconnect
PCI-Xhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI-X
AGPhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accelerated_Graphics_Port
PCI-SIGhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI-SIG
graphics cardshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphics_card
sound cardshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sound_card
Wi-Fihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wi-Fi
Ethernethttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethernet
solid-state driveshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solid-state_drive
hard disk driveshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hard_disk_drive
[3]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-DQmzv-4
hot swappinghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hot_swapping
I/O virtualizationhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I/O_virtualization
[4]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-gf9Lm-5
[5]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-sxOen-6
ExpressCardhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ExpressCard
M.2https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M.2
U.2https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.2
SATA Expresshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SATA_Express
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[6]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-pcie-basics-7
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heat sinkhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heat_sink
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[7]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-8
serialhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serial_communication
[8]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-howstuffworks1-9
parallelhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parallel_communications
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topologyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_topology
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root complexhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Root_complex
full-duplexhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Full-duplexed
backward compatibilityhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backward_compatibility
laneshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#Lane
clarification neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify
[9]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-4TrCr-10
10 Gigabit Ethernethttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/10_Gigabit_Ethernet
Gigabit Ethernethttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gigabit_Ethernet
SAShttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serial_attached_SCSI
Fibre Channelhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibre_Channel
bidirectionalhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two-way_communication
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differential signalinghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Differential_signaling
[6]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-pcie-basics-7
[10]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-faq1-11
interruptshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interrupt
INTxhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peripheral_Component_Interconnect#Interrupts
MSI or MSI-Xhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Message_Signaled_Interrupts
[10]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-faq1-11
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Wi-Fihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wi-Fi
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differential signalinghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Differential_signaling
signal traceshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signal_trace
full-duplexhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Full-duplex
byte streamhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byte_stream
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signal velocitieshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signal_velocity
wordhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Word_(data_type)
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embeddedhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clock_recovery
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USBhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USB
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FireWirehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FireWire
RapidIOhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RapidIO
DVIhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_Visual_Interface
HDMIhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HDMI
DisplayPorthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DisplayPort
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network switchhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_switch
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HHHLhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conventional_PCI#Low-profile_cards
FHHLhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conventional_PCI#Half-length_full-height_card
[16]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-8AKZj-17
[17]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-c1yve-18
[18]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-CEM4-19
ATXhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ATX
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[19]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-j6TTS-20
video cardshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_card
cooling fanshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_fan
[20]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-RAreG-21
[21]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-22
Sapphirehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapphire_Technology
Radeon RX 5700 XThttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radeon_RX_5000_series
[22]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-E0Tsg-23
XFXhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XFX
[23]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-mAt96-24
Asushttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asus
GeForce RTX 3080https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GeForce_30_series
[24]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-kk3xz-25
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printed circuit boardhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Printed_circuit_board
[25]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-IM1RH-26
pulled highhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pull_up_resistor
[26]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-PCIe_card_2-27
SMBushttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SMBus
JTAGhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JTAG
standby powerhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standby_power
[27]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-ajnim-28
[28]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-vj2hg-29
Open drainhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_drain
[29]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-YpQVq-30
edithttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=PCI_Express&action=edit§ion=10
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Powering_of_PCIe_Slot.png
Vhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volt
Vhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volt
Whttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watt
Whttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watt
[30]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-31
edithttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=PCI_Express&action=edit§ion=11
Ahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ampere
Vhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volt
Whttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watt
[31]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-CEM1.1-32
[32]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-jArAO-33
[33]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-34
[26]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-PCIe_card_2-27
edithttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=PCI_Express&action=edit§ion=12
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:PCI_Express_Power_Supply_Connector-female_PNr%C2%B00438.jpg
power connectorshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molex_Mini-fit_Jr.
Whttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watt
Whttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watt
Whttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watt
[18]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-CEM4-19
EPS12Vhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EPS12V
[34]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-JuErgh-35
[34]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-JuErgh-35
[35]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-o2GFI-36
[36]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-uLc7Q-37
[37]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-CEM3.0-38
[38]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-mcd6L-39
[A]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-40
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:PCIe6connector.svg
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:PCIe8connector.svg
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-40
edithttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=PCI_Express&action=edit§ion=13
12VHPWRhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/12VHPWR
edithttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=12VHPWR&action=edit
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:2023_Adapter_NVIDIA_12VHPWR_(2).jpg
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:PCIe12V-2x6.12VHPWRconnector.svg
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Palit_GeForce_RTX_5090_Gamerock_20250530_HOF3963_RAW-Export.png
Palithttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palit_Microsystems
RTX 5090https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RTX_5090
16-pin 12VHPWR connectorhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/12VHPWR
graphics processing unitshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphics_processing_unit
computer power supplieshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_supply_unit_(computer)
Nvidiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nvidia
6- and 8-pin power connectorshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#6-_and_8-pin_power_connectors
[39]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-41
[40]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-42
[41]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-43
[42]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-44
[43]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-12VHPWR_rtx5090-45
[44]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-12VHPWR_CEMupd-46
[45]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-12VHPWR_h-plus-47
edithttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=PCI_Express&action=edit§ion=14
[46]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-PCIe5.1_CEM-48
when?https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items
edithttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=PCI_Express&action=edit§ion=15
[47]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-49
edithttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=PCI_Express&action=edit§ion=16
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Intel_WM3945ABG_MOW2_and_its_connector_20070216.jpg
WLANhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WLAN
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:MiniPCI_and_MiniPCI_Express_cards.jpg
Mini PCIhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mini_PCI
PCI-SIGhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI-SIG
USBhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USB
[update]https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=PCI_Express&action=edit
M.2https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M.2
[48]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-50
[49]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-DmwJz-51
edithttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=PCI_Express&action=edit§ion=17
edge connectorhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edge_connector
Boardshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Printed_circuit_board
[50]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-52
[51]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-53
edithttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=PCI_Express&action=edit§ion=18
Wi-Fihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wi-Fi
SIMhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subscriber_Identity_Module
GSMhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GSM
WCDMAhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WCDMA
edithttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=PCI_Express&action=edit§ion=19
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:A-MSATA_M-MKNSSDAT240GB_S-MKN1308A0000169997.jpg
Mushkinhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mushkin
mSATAhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MSATA
mSATAhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MSATA
WWANhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wireless_WAN
[52]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-5xxpo-54
Asus Eee PChttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asus_Eee_PC
Applehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple_Inc.
MacBook Airhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MacBook_Air
SSDhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solid-state_drive
[53]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-EeePC-55
[54]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-xpI66-56
edithttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=PCI_Express&action=edit§ion=20
M.2https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M.2
[55]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-oL68r-57
edithttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=PCI_Express&action=edit§ion=21
PCI-SIGhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI-SIG
[56]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-pcie_cabling1.0-58
[57]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-ZTXPi-59
edithttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=PCI_Express&action=edit§ion=22
chemical symbolhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbol_(chemistry)
copperhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copper
fiber optichttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiber_optic
[58]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-OCuLink2-60
USB4 Gen 4https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USB4_Gen_4
Thunderbolt 5https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thunderbolt_5
[59]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-6MiK5-61
edithttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=PCI_Express&action=edit§ion=23
[60]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-62
[61]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-63
[62]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-64
edithttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=PCI_Express&action=edit§ion=24
ExpressCardhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ExpressCard
PC Cardhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PC_Card
XQD cardhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XQD_card
CompactFlash Associationhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CompactFlash_Association
CFexpresshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CFexpress
SD Expresshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SD_card#SD_Express
XMChttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Switched_Mezzanine_Card&action=edit&redlink=1
CMChttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Common_Mezzanine_Card&action=edit&redlink=1
PMChttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Mezzanine_Card
AdvancedTCAhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Telecommunications_Computing_Architecture
CompactPCIhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CompactPCI
AMChttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Mezzanine_Card
AdvancedTCAhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Telecommunications_Computing_Architecture
FeaturePakhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FeaturePak
Universal IOhttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Universal_IO&action=edit&redlink=1
Super Micro Computerhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supermicro
[63]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-tNP5L-65
M.2https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M.2
M-PCIehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M-PCIe
M-PHYhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M-PHY
[64]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-osiit-66
[65]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-PoRghEr-67
Serial Attached SCSIhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serial_Attached_SCSI
SATA Expresshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SATA_Express
U.2https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.2
SlimSAShttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SlimSAS
9xx series Intel chipsetshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Intel_chipsets
Serial Digital Video Outhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serial_Digital_Video_Out
integrated graphicshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel_GMA
Thunderbolthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thunderbolt_(interface)
DisplayPorthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DisplayPort
Mini DisplayPorthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mini_DisplayPort
USB-Chttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USB-C
USB4https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USB4
profileshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Profile_(engineering)
edithttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=PCI_Express&action=edit§ion=25
PCI-SIGhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI-SIG
edithttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=PCI_Express&action=edit§ion=26
[66]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-faq4-68
[67]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-faq3-69
[68]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-70
[i]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-both-directions-71
[ii]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-transfer-rate-72
GB/shttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GB/s
[i]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-both-directions-71
[iii]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-throughput-73
NRZhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-return-to-zero
8b/10bhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/8b/10b
GT/shttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GT/s
128b/130bhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/128b/130b
PAM-4https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PAM-4
FEChttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forward_error_correction
FLIThttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flit_(computer_networking)
ahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-both-directions_71-0
bhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-both-directions_71-1
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-transfer-rate_72-0
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-throughput_73-0
edithttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=PCI_Express&action=edit§ion=27
gigabytes per secondhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gigabytes_per_second
gigatransfers per secondhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transfers_per_second
[69]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-HroAC-74
8b/10b encodinghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/8b/10b_encoding
[70]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-tfQxK-75
edithttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=PCI_Express&action=edit§ion=28
[71]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-n9qGs-76
edithttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=PCI_Express&action=edit§ion=29
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Rosewill-USB3-PCI-Express-Card.jpg
[b]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-77
PCI-SIGhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI-SIG
[72]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-PCIExpressPressRelease-78
backward compatiblehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backward_compatible
[73]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-UaYlc-79
Intelhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel_Corporation
X38https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G35_(chipset)
Abithttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_abit
Asushttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asus
Gigabytehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gigabyte_Technology
[74]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-wHHTf-80
AMD 700 chipset serieshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AMD_700_chipset_series
MCP72https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NForce_700
[75]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-gL2GQ-81
Intel P35https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel_P35
[76]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-mUQKD-82
8b/10b encodinghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/8b/10b_encoding
edithttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=PCI_Express&action=edit§ion=30
edithttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=PCI_Express&action=edit§ion=31
gigatransfershttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gigatransfer
[77]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-cVjNG-83
PLLhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phase-locked_loop
[78]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-extrmetech-84
8b/10b encodinghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/8b/10b_encoding
[67]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-faq3-69
[79]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-ajVA3-85
edithttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=PCI_Express&action=edit§ion=32
[65]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-PoRghEr-67
[80]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-5lvIH-86
[81]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-9EIkz-87
edithttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=PCI_Express&action=edit§ion=33
[82]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-W466M-88
forward compatibilityhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forward_compatibility
[83]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-QNZsy-89
Thunderbolthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thunderbolt_(interface)
[58]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-OCuLink2-60
2016 PCI-SIG Developers Conferencehttps://pcisig.com/past-events
Cadencehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadence_Design_Systems
PLDAhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rambus
Synopsyshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synopsys
[84]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-EE_4+5-90
Mellanox Technologieshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mellanox_Technologies
[85]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-FZ4hQ-91
[86]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-zovf4-92
Intel Developer Forumhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel_Developer_Forum
[87]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-heise_idf_2016-93
IBMhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM
POWER9https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/POWER9
[88]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-HC28-IBM-Power9-94
[89]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-IEEE-Power9-95
[90]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-TR_pcie4-96
[91]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-2HOSh-97
[92]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-IBM-ZG17-0147-98
NVMehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NVM_Express
[93]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-ChNhD-99
AMDhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Micro_Devices
Zen 2https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zen_2
[94]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-Akskd-100
[95]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-KDBMK-101
[96]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-CAY71-102
Tiger Lakehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiger_Lake_(microprocessor)
[97]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-C02lC-103
edithttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=PCI_Express&action=edit§ion=34
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Detailaufnahme_des_ASRock_TRX50_WS_20240406_HOF1835-HDR_RAW-Export_000185.png
[90]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-TR_pcie4-96
citation neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed
[98]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-Syn50-104
[99]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-n6z9y-105
[100]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-9OVm8-106
[101]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-PCIe5r09-107
[102]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-ETVqe-108
[103]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-MW69U-109
backward compatibilityhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backward_compatibility
Jiangsu Huacunhttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jiangsu_Huacun&action=edit&redlink=1
[104]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-yk5Nd-110
Power10https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power10
[105]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-111
[106]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-IBM-ENUSZG21-0059-112
[107]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-IBM-REDP-5649-00-113
[108]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-114
[109]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-115
[110]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-116
[111]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-117
edithttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=PCI_Express&action=edit§ion=35
[112]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-businesswire.com-118
pulse-amplitude modulationhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulse-amplitude_modulation
forward error correctionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forward_error_correction
non-return-to-zerohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-return-to-zero
[113]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-O5gOe-119
[112]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-businesswire.com-118
[114]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-puGmx-120
[115]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-ltCSi-121
[116]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-60r9-122
[117]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-123
backward compatibilityhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backward_compatibility
PAM-4https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PAM-4
bit error ratehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bit_error_rate
forward error correctionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forward_error_correction
cyclic redundancy checkhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclic_redundancy_check
Flow Control Unithttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flit_(computer_networking)
[118]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-pcie6_evolution_blog-124
[119]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-PCIe6_fut-125
Gray codehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gray_code
[120]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-cadence_pice6-126
[121]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-pcie6_webinar-127
[122]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-128
[123]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-129
PCWorldhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCWorld
[124]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-:0-130
edithttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=PCI_Express&action=edit§ion=36
[125]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-131
PAM4https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulse-amplitude_modulation
[126]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-PCIe70v05-132
[127]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-PCIe70v07-133
[128]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-PCIe70v09-134
[129]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-135
[124]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-:0-130
edithttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=PCI_Express&action=edit§ion=37
[130]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-136
edithttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=PCI_Express&action=edit§ion=38
[131]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-PCIeFiber-137
[132]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-adnacoPCIe-138
[133]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-g6np3-139
[134]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-IBM-REDP-5137-00-140
[107]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-IBM-REDP-5649-00-113
InfiniBandhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/InfiniBand
Ethernethttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethernet
Thunderbolthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thunderbolt_(interface)
Intelhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel
Applehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple_Inc.
DisplayPorthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DisplayPort
Sony VAIO Zhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sony_Vaio_Z_series
[135]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-kZCuH-141
USB4https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USB4
MIPI Alliancehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MIPI_Alliance
M-PHYhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M-PHY
[136]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-RKmF2-142
iPhonehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPhone
NVMehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NVMe
edithttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=PCI_Express&action=edit§ion=39
[137]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-yT5P8-143
edithttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=PCI_Express&action=edit§ion=40
layered protocolhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Layered_protocol
transaction layerhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#Transaction_layer
data link layerhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#Data_link_layer
physical layerhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#Physical_layer
media access controlhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Media_access_control
IEEE 802https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IEEE_802
edithttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=PCI_Express&action=edit§ion=41
[138]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-9tQ3g-144
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:PCIe_J1900_SoC_ITX_Mainboard_IMG_1820.JPG
[139]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-pipe_spec-145
SerDeshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SerDes
ASIChttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application-specific_integrated_circuit
differential pairshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Differential_signaling
Gbithttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gigabit
[140]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-PCIe-System-Architecture-146
[141]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-Intel-PCIe-147
BIOShttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BIOS
[142]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-pcie_schematics1-148
[143]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-pcie_schematics2-149
edithttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=PCI_Express&action=edit§ion=42
[144]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-vV4Hv-150
deskewhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clock_skew
[145]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-iPAaS-151
embeddedhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-clocking_signal
8b/10b encodinghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/8b/10b_encoding
[67]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-faq3-69
128b/130bhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/64b/66b_encoding
Line encodinghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Line_encoding
clock recoveryhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clock_recovery
spectral densityhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spectral_density
XORinghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XOR
binary polynomialhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear-feedback_shift_register
scramblerhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scrambler
[146]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-152
[1]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-auto-1
[147]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-153
edithttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=PCI_Express&action=edit§ion=43
ACKhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acknowledge_character
NAKhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negative-acknowledge_character
cyclic redundancy checkhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclic_redundancy_check
edithttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=PCI_Express&action=edit§ion=44
modular arithmetichttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modular_arithmetic
gigabaudhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gigabaud
USBhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_Serial_Bus
Ethernethttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethernet
[148]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-traffic_profile-154
printed circuit boardhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Printed_circuit_board
edithttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=PCI_Express&action=edit§ion=45
[149]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-Xilinx-155
#Comparison tablehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#Comparison_table
[149]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-Xilinx-155
[149]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-Xilinx-155
[149]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-Xilinx-155
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[149]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-Xilinx-155
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Asushttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asus
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:NVIDIA-GTX-1070-FoundersEdition-FL.jpg
Nvidiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nvidia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:An_Intel_82574L_Gigabit_Ethernet_NIC,_PCI_Express_x1_card.jpg
Intelhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel
NIChttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_interface_controller
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:SATA_6_Gbit-s_controller,_in_form_of_a_PCI_Express_card.jpg
Marvellhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marvell_Technology
SATA 3.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SATA_3.0
expansion cardhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expansion_card
[update]https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=PCI_Express&action=edit
[update]https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=PCI_Express&action=edit
AGPhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accelerated_Graphics_Port
graphics cardshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphics_card
AMDhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AMD_Graphics
Nvidiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nvidia
edithttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=PCI_Express&action=edit§ion=47
Thunderbolthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thunderbolt_(interface)
bit rateshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bit_rate
Nvidiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nvidia
Quadro Plexhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nvidia_Quadro_Plex
GPUshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphics_processing_unit
[150]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-gxHZT-156
VHDCIhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHDCI
[151]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-zJYg8-157
ATI XGPhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ATI_XGP
[152]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-HgxXj-158
[153]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-WHU07-159
[154]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-mvR09-160
[155]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-ZAJ0y-161
[156]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-J5UtH-162
XG Stationhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XG_Station
[157]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-jWWJt-163
[158]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-ERk1e-164
[159]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-CvJwZ-165
[160]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-OLzu7-166
[161]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-5LOrR-167
[162]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-apXPa-168
[163]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-PXbHS-169
edithttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=PCI_Express&action=edit§ion=48
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:PCIe_card_full_height.jpg
OCZhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OCZ
SSDhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solid-state_drive
SATA Expresshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SATA_Express
NVMehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NVMe
flash memoryhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flash_memory
memory cardshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memory_card
solid-state driveshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solid-state_drive
XQD cardhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XQD_card
[164]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-49G×4-170
RAID controllerhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RAID_controller
citation neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed
SAShttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serial_attached_SCSI
quantifyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers
[165]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-P3Feb-171
[166]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-NeWKh-172
[167]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-VLf63-173
relevant?https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Writing_better_articles#Stay_on_topic
SATA Expresshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SATA_Express
[168]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-ymSig-174
M.2https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M.2
expansion cardshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expansion_card
[169]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-SNLQe-175
AHCIhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AHCI
NVM Expresshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NVM_Express
SCSI over PCI Expresshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SCSI_over_PCI_Express
[170]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-FJvMX-176
edithttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=PCI_Express&action=edit§ion=49
data-centerhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data-center
computer clustershttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_cluster
Fibre Channelhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibre_Channel
routablehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Routing
InfiniBandhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/InfiniBand
RapidIOhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RapidIO
NUMAlinkhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NUMAlink
HyperTransporthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HyperTransport
[171]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-YUum6-177
[update]https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=PCI_Express&action=edit
Dolphin ICShttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dolphin_Interconnect_Solutions
edithttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=PCI_Express&action=edit§ion=50
PCI-X 2.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI-X#PCI-X_2.0
InfiniBandhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/InfiniBand
RapidIOhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RapidIO
HyperTransporthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HyperTransport
Intel QuickPath Interconnecthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel_QuickPath_Interconnect
Mobile Industry Processor Interfacehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_Industry_Processor_Interface
NVLinkhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NVLink
citation neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed
citation neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed
clarification neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify
local bushttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Local_bus
citation neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed
Gen-Zhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gen-Z_(consortium)
Coherent Accelerator Processor Interfacehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coherent_Accelerator_Processor_Interface
[172]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-1Jwlv-178
Compute Express Linkhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compute_Express_Link
Alibabahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alibaba_Group
Ciscohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cisco
Dell EMChttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dell_EMC
Facebookhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Facebook
Googlehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google
HPEhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hewlett_Packard_Enterprise
Huaweihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huawei
Intelhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel
Microsofthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft
[173]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-aJ00L-179
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[174]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_note-9ps7Q-180
edithttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=PCI_Express&action=edit§ion=52
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Electronics portalhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Electronics
Active State Power Managementhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Active_State_Power_Management
Peripheral Component Interconnecthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peripheral_Component_Interconnect
PCI configuration spacehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_configuration_space
PCI-Xhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI-X
PCI/104-Expresshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI/104-Express
PCIe/104https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCIe/104
Root complexhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Root_complex
Serial Digital Video Outhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serial_Digital_Video_Out
List of device bit rates § Main buseshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_device_bit_rates#Main_buses
UCIehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UCIe
Compute Express Linkhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compute_Express_Link
edithttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=PCI_Express&action=edit§ion=53
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-2
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-77
Serial ATA power connectorhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serial_ATA#Standard_connector
4-pin Molex power connectorhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molex_connector#Disk_drive
edithttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=PCI_Express&action=edit§ion=54
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IBM Power 770 and 780 Technical Overview and Introductionhttps://books.google.com/books?id=ZjyrAgAAQBAJ&dq=pcie+dual+simplex&pg=PA69
ISBNhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)
978-0-7384-5121-3https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7384-5121-3
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-s5NDG_3-0
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10.1109/CONECT.2003.1231473https://doi.org/10.1109%2FCONECT.2003.1231473
ISBNhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)
0-7695-2012-Xhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7695-2012-X
S2CIDhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)
7456382https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:7456382
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-DQmzv_4-0
"Definition of PCI Express"https://www.pcmag.com/encyclopedia/term/48998/pci-express
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-gf9Lm_5-0
"Enable PCI Express Advanced Error Reporting in the Kernel"https://web.archive.org/web/20160310074031/https://ols.fedoraproject.org/OLS/Reprints-2007/zhang-Reprint.pdf
the originalhttps://ols.fedoraproject.org/OLS/Reprints-2007/zhang-Reprint.pdf
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-sxOen_6-0
https://www.hyperstone.comhttps://www.hyperstone.com
ahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-pcie-basics_7-0
bhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-pcie-basics_7-1
chttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-pcie-basics_7-2
"PCI Express Basics"https://web.archive.org/web/20140715120034/http://www.pcisig.com/developers/main/training_materials/get_document?doc_id=4e00a39acaa5c5a8ee44ebb07baba982e5972c67
PCI-SIGhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI-SIG
the originalhttp://www.pcisig.com/developers/main/training_materials/get_document?doc_id=4e00a39acaa5c5a8ee44ebb07baba982e5972c67
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-8
"What are PCIe Slots and Their Uses"https://pcguide101.com/motherboard/what-are-pcie-slots/
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-howstuffworks1_9-0
"How PCI Express Works"http://computer.howstuffworks.com/pci-express.htm
Archivedhttps://web.archive.org/web/20091203053924/http://computer.howstuffworks.com/pci-express.htm
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-4TrCr_10-0
ahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-faq1_11-0
bhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-faq1_11-1
chttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-faq1_11-2
"PCI Express Architecture Frequently Asked Questions"https://web.archive.org/web/20081113163608/http://www.pcisig.com/news_room/faqs/faq_express/
the originalhttp://www.pcisig.com/news_room/faqs/faq_express/
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-2Nt8T_12-0
"PCI Express Bus"https://web.archive.org/web/20071208162241/http://www.interfacebus.com/Design_Connector_PCI_Express.html
the originalhttp://www.interfacebus.com/Design_Connector_PCI_Express.html
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-Gchhw_13-0
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-odC7t_14-0
"PCI Express – An Overview of the PCI Express Standard"https://web.archive.org/web/20100105163040/http://zone.ni.com/devzone/cda/tut/p/id/3767
the originalhttp://zone.ni.com/devzone/cda/tut/p/id/3767
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-P7MD8_15-0
"What are PCIe Slots?"https://web.archive.org/web/20200803084213/https://pcgearlab.com/motherboard/what-are-pcie-slots/
the originalhttps://pcgearlab.com/motherboard/what-are-pcie-slots/
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-16
"Rethinking AI Infrastructure: The Rise Of PCIe Switches"https://semiengineering.com/rethinking-ai-infrastructure-the-rise-of-pcie-switches/
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-8AKZj_17-0
"New PCIe Form Factor Enables Greater PCIe SSD Adoption"http://www.nvmexpress.org/blog/new-pcie-form-factor-enables-greater-pcie-ssd-adoption/
Archivedhttps://web.archive.org/web/20150906180730/http://www.nvmexpress.org/blog/new-pcie-form-factor-enables-greater-pcie-ssd-adoption/
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-c1yve_18-0
"Memblaze PBlaze4 AIC NVMe SSD Review"http://www.storagereview.com/memblaze_pblaze4_aic_nvme_ssd_review
ahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-CEM4_19-0
bhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-CEM4_19-1
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-j6TTS_20-0
"19 graphics cards that shaped the future of gaming"https://www.techradar.com/news/gaming/19-graphics-cards-that-shaped-the-future-of-gaming-1289666
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-RAreG_21-0
"Nvidia GeForce RTX 3080 review: welcome to the next level"https://www.eurogamer.net/articles/digitalfoundry-2020-nvidia-geforce-rtx-3080-review
Eurogamerhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eurogamer
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-22
"ASUS × Noctua RTX 4080 Graphics Card is 5 Slots Thick, We Go Hands-on"https://www.techpowerup.com/303148/asus-x-noctua-rtx-4080-graphics-card-is-5-slots-thick-we-go-hands-on
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-E0Tsg_23-0
"Sapphire Radeon RX 5700 XT Pulse Review | bit-tech.net"https://bit-tech.net/reviews/tech/graphics/sapphire-radeon-rx-5700-xt-pulse-review/1/
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-mAt96_24-0
"AMD Radeon RX 5700 XT 8GB GDDR6 THICC II – RX-57XT8DFD6"https://web.archive.org/web/20190901193735/http://xfxforce.com/en-gb/Products/product-category/amd-radeon-rx-5700xt-8gb-thicc-ii-rx-57xt8dfd6
the originalhttp://xfxforce.com/en-gb/Products/product-category/amd-radeon-rx-5700xt-8gb-thicc-ii-rx-57xt8dfd6
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-kk3xz_25-0
"ROG Strix GeForce RTX 3080 OC Edition 10GB GDDR6X | Graphics Cards"https://rog.asus.com/graphics-cards/graphics-cards/rog-strix/rog-strix-rtx3080-o10g-gaming-model/spec
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-IM1RH_26-0
"What is the A side, B side configuration of PCI cards"https://web.archive.org/web/20111102042843/http://www.adexelec.com/faq.htm#pcikeys
the originalhttp://www.adexelec.com/faq.htm#pcikeys
ahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-PCIe_card_2_27-0
bhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-PCIe_card_2_27-1
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-ajnim_28-0
"PCI Express Card Electromechanical Specification Revision 4.0, Version 1.0 (Clean)"https://members.pcisig.com/wg/PCI-SIG/document/13446
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-vj2hg_29-0
"L1 PM Substates with CLKREQ, Revision 1.0a"https://web.archive.org/web/20181204125124/http://pcisig.com/sites/default/files/specification_documents/ECN_L1_PM_Substates_with_CLKREQ_31_May_2013_Rev10a.pdf
the originalhttps://pcisig.com/sites/default/files/specification_documents/ECN_L1_PM_Substates_with_CLKREQ_31_May_2013_Rev10a.pdf
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-YpQVq_30-0
"Emergency Power Reduction Mechanism with PWRBRK Signal ECN"https://web.archive.org/web/20181109193739/https://pcisig.com/sites/default/files/specification_documents/Emergency%20Power%20Reduction%20Mechanism%20with%20PWRBRK%20Signal%20ECN.pdf
the originalhttps://pcisig.com/sites/default/files/specification_documents/Emergency%20Power%20Reduction%20Mechanism%20with%20PWRBRK%20Signal%20ECN.pdf
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-31
"Where Does PCIe Cable Go?"https://greatpcreview.com/guides/where-does-pcie-cables-go/
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-CEM1.1_32-0
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-jArAO_33-0
Board Design Guidelines for PCI Express Architecturehttp://e2e.ti.com/cfs-file/__key/communityserver-discussions-components-files/639/7851.PCIe_5F00_designGuides.pdf#page=19
archivedhttps://web.archive.org/web/20160327185412/http://e2e.ti.com/cfs-file/__key/communityserver-discussions-components-files/639/7851.PCIe_5F00_designGuides.pdf#page=19
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-34
ahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-JuErgh_35-0
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"Mini-Fit PCI Express* Wire to Board Connector System"https://www.molex.com/pdm_docs/ps/PS-45558-001-001.pdf
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-o2GFI_36-0
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-uLc7Q_37-0
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-CEM3.0_38-0
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-mcd6L_39-0
"PCIe Electromechanical Updates"https://web.archive.org/web/20151105083550/http://kavi.pcisig.com/developers/main/training_materials/get_document?doc_id=fa4ec3357012d69821baa0856011c665ac770768
the originalhttp://kavi.pcisig.com/developers/main/training_materials/get_document?doc_id=fa4ec3357012d69821baa0856011c665ac770768
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-41
"12VHPWR Sideband Allocation and Requirements - PCIe 5.x ECN"https://members.pcisig.com/wg/PCI-SIG/document/17134
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-42
"12V-2x6 Connector Updates to PCIe Base 6.0 - PCIe 6.x ECN"https://members.pcisig.com/wg/PCI-SIG/document/19972
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-43
"Rest in Peace 12VHPWR Connector - Welcome 12V-2×6 Connector, important modifications and PCIe Base 6 | Exclusive"https://www.igorslab.de/en/rest-in-peace-12vhpwr-connector-welcome-12v-2x6-connector/
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-44
"12VHPWR and 12V-2x6 Compared"https://www.corsair.com/us/en/explorer/diy-builder/power-supply-units/evolving-standards-12vhpwr-and-12v-2x6/
Corsairhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corsair_Gaming
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-12VHPWR_rtx5090_45-0
"How Nvidia made the 12VHPWR connector even worse"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kb5YzMoVQyw
YouTubehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTube
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-12VHPWR_CEMupd_46-0
(T1S02 & T1S08) PCIe CEM Updateshttps://www.scribd.com/document/792278104/T1S02-T1S08-PCIe-CEM-Updates
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-12VHPWR_h-plus_47-0
"PCI-Express (PCIe) Add-in Card Connectors (Recommended)"https://edc.intel.com/content/www/us/en/design/ipla/software-development-platforms/client/platforms/alder-lake-desktop/atx-version-3-0-multi-rail-desktop-platform-power-supply-design-guide/2.1a/pci-express-pcie-add-in-card-connectors-recommended/
Intel Corporationhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel_Corporation
Archivedhttps://web.archive.org/web/20250214053259/https://cdrdv2-public.intel.com/336521/336521_Rev2p1a.pdf
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-PCIe5.1_CEM_48-0
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-49
"ATX Version 3 Multi Rail Desktop Platform Power Supply (2.1a, ATX 3.1) :: PCIe* Add-in Card Power Excursions"https://edc.intel.com/content/www/us/en/design/ipla/software-development-platforms/client/platforms/alder-lake-desktop/atx-version-3-0-multi-rail-desktop-platform-power-supply-design-guide/2.1a/pcie-add-in-card-power-excursions/
"ATX Version 3 Multi Rail Desktop Platform Power Supply (2.01, ATX 3.0) :: PCIe* Add-in Card Power Excursions"https://edc.intel.com/content/www/us/en/design/ipla/software-development-platforms/client/platforms/alder-lake-desktop/atx-version-3-0-multi-rail-desktop-platform-power-supply-design-guide/2.0/2.01/pcie-add-in-card-power-excursions/
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-50
"Understanding M.2, the interface that will speed up your next SSD"https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2015/02/understanding-m-2-the-interface-that-will-speed-up-your-next-ssd/
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-DmwJz_51-0
"MP1: Mini PCI Express / PCI Express Adapter"http://www.hwtools.net/Adapter/MP1.html
Archivedhttps://web.archive.org/web/20141003233055/http://www.hwtools.net/Adapter/MP1.html
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-52
IT Essentials Companion Guide v8https://books.google.com/books?id=otfPEAAAQBAJ&dq=pci+express+micro&pg=PT628
ISBNhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)
978-0-13-816625-0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-13-816625-0
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-53
Mobile Computing Deployment and Management: Real World Skills for CompTIA Mobility+ Certification and Beyondhttps://google.com.pa/books/edition/Mobile_Computing_Deployment_and_Manageme/rP5gBgAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=mini+pcie+full+size+half+size&pg=PA491&printsec=frontcover
ISBNhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)
978-1-118-82461-0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-118-82461-0
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-5xxpo_54-0
"mSATA FAQ: A Basic Primer"http://forum.notebookreview.com/lenovo-ibm/574993-msata-faq-basic-primer.html
Archivedhttps://web.archive.org/web/20120212164949/http://forum.notebookreview.com/lenovo-ibm/574993-msata-faq-basic-primer.html
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-EeePC_55-0
"Eee PC Research"https://web.archive.org/web/20100330035948/http://beta.ivancover.com/wiki/index.php/Eee_PC_Research
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-xpI66_56-0
"Desktop Board Solid-state drive (SSD) compatibility"http://www.intel.com/support/motherboards/desktop/sb/CS-032415.htm?wapkw=032415
Intelhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel
Archivedhttps://web.archive.org/web/20160102233130/http://www.intel.com/support/motherboards/desktop/sb/CS-032415.htm?wapkw=032415
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-oL68r_57-0
"How to distinguish the differences between M.2 cards | Dell US"https://www.dell.com/support/article/en-us/sln301626/how-to-distinguish-the-differences-between-m-2-cards?lang=en
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-pcie_cabling1.0_58-0
"PCI Express External Cabling 1.0 Specification"http://www.pcisig.com/specifications/pciexpress/pcie_cabling1.0/
Archivedhttps://web.archive.org/web/20070210055546/http://www.pcisig.com/specifications/pciexpress/pcie_cabling1.0/
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-ZTXPi_59-0
"PCI Express External Cabling Specification Completed by PCI-SIG"https://web.archive.org/web/20131126064157/http://www.pcisig.com/news_room/news/press_release/02_07_07
the originalhttp://www.pcisig.com/news_room/news/press_release/02_07_07
ahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-OCuLink2_60-0
bhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-OCuLink2_60-1
"OCuLink connectors and cables support new PCIe standard"https://web.archive.org/web/20170313215047/http://www.connectortips.com/oculink-connectors-cables-support-new-pcie-standard/
the originalhttps://www.connectortips.com/oculink-connectors-cables-support-new-pcie-standard/
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-6MiK5_61-0
"Untangling terms: M.2, NVMe, USB-C, SAS, PCIe, U.2, OCuLink"https://mokosiy.medium.com/untangling-terms-m-2-nvme-usb-c-sas-pcie-6599c044f38e
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-62
"PCI-SIG unveils CopprLink cables for PCIe 5 and 6 connections — PCIe 7.0 versions are under development"https://www.tomshardware.com/desktops/servers/pci-sig-unveils-copprlink-cables-for-pcie-5-and-6-connections-pcie-70-versions-are-under-development
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-63
"PCIe® Cabling – The Journey to CopprLink™ | PCI-SIG"https://pcisig.com/blog/pcie%C2%AE-cabling-%E2%80%93-journey-copprlink%E2%84%A2
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-64
This eGPU embarrasses the resthttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OxdINiIFEVA
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-tNP5L_65-0
"Supermicro Universal I/O (UIO) Solutions"http://www.supermicro.com/products/nfo/uio.cfm
Archivedhttps://web.archive.org/web/20140324184437/http://www.supermicro.com/products/nfo/uio.cfm
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-osiit_66-0
"Get ready for M-PCIe testing"http://www.edn.com/design/pc-board/4423319/Get-ready-for-M-PCIe-testing
ahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-PoRghEr_67-0
bhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-PoRghEr_67-1
"PCI SIG discusses M-PCIe oculink & 4th gen PCIe"https://www.theregister.co.uk/Print/2013/09/13/pci_sig_discusses_m_pcie_oculink_and_fourth_gen_pcie/
UKhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom
archivedhttps://web.archive.org/web/20170629201006/http://www.theregister.co.uk/Print/2013/09/13/pci_sig_discusses_m_pcie_oculink_and_fourth_gen_pcie/
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-faq4_68-0
"PCI Express 4.0 Frequently Asked Questions"https://web.archive.org/web/20140518224913/http://www.pcisig.com/news_room/faqs/FAQ_PCI_Express_4.0/#EQ3
the originalhttp://www.pcisig.com/news_room/faqs/FAQ_PCI_Express_4.0/#EQ3
ahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-faq3_69-0
bhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-faq3_69-1
chttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-faq3_69-2
"PCI Express 3.0 Frequently Asked Questions"https://web.archive.org/web/20140201172536/http://www.pcisig.com/news_room/faqs/pcie3.0_faq/#EQ2
the originalhttp://www.pcisig.com/news_room/faqs/pcie3.0_faq/#EQ2
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-70
"PCI-Express-Schnittstelle: PCIe 7.0 und die Basis für optische Verbindungen stehen, PCIe 8.0 folgt"https://www.computerbase.de/news/mainboards/pci-express-schnittstelle-pcie-7-0-und-die-basis-fuer-optische-verbindungen-stehen-pcie-8-0-folgt.92986/
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-HroAC_74-0
"What does GT/s mean, anyway?"http://www.tmworld.com/electronics-news/4380071/What-does-GT-s-mean-anyway-
Archivedhttps://web.archive.org/web/20120814002641/http://www.tmworld.com/electronics-news/4380071/What-does-GT-s-mean-anyway-
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-tfQxK_75-0
"Deliverable 12.2"https://web.archive.org/web/20100817201815/http://www.eiscat.se/groups/EISCAT_3D_info/DeliverableWP12.2/preview_popup
SEhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sweden
the originalhttp://www.eiscat.se/groups/EISCAT_3D_info/DeliverableWP12.2/preview_popup
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-n9qGs_76-0
PCI SIGhttp://www.pcisig.com/
archivedhttps://web.archive.org/web/20080706134414/http://pcisig.com/
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-PCIExpressPressRelease_78-0
"PCI Express Base 2.0 specification announced"https://web.archive.org/web/20070304101327/http://www.pcisig.com/news_room/PCIe2_0_Spec_Release_FINAL2.pdf
PCI-SIGhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI-SIG
the originalhttp://www.pcisig.com/news_room/PCIe2_0_Spec_Release_FINAL2.pdf
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-UaYlc_79-0
"PCI Express 2.0 final draft spec published"http://www.reghardware.co.uk/2006/10/11/pic-sig_posts_pcie_2_final_draft/
Archivedhttps://web.archive.org/web/20070129121731/http://www.reghardware.co.uk/2006/10/11/pic-sig_posts_pcie_2_final_draft/
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-wHHTf_80-0
"Intel P35: Intel's Mainstream Chipset Grows Up"https://web.archive.org/web/20070523055011/http://www.anandtech.com/cpuchipsets/showdoc.aspx?i=2993
AnandTechhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AnandTech
the originalhttp://www.anandtech.com/cpuchipsets/showdoc.aspx?i=2993
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-gL2GQ_81-0
"NVIDIA "MCP72" Details Unveiled"https://web.archive.org/web/20070210200616/http://www.dailytech.com/article.aspx?newsid=6021
AnandTechhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AnandTech
the originalhttp://www.dailytech.com/article.aspx?newsid=6021
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-mUQKD_82-0
"Intel P35 Express Chipset Product Brief"http://download.intel.com/products/chipsets/P35/317304.pdf
Archivedhttps://web.archive.org/web/20070926150158/http://download.intel.com/products/chipsets/P35/317304.pdf
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-cVjNG_83-0
"PCI Express 3.0 Spec Pushed Out to 2010"https://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2351266,00.asp
Archivedhttps://web.archive.org/web/20140107192535/http://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2351266,00.asp
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-extrmetech_84-0
"PCI Express 3.0 Bandwidth: 8.0 Gigatransfers/s"http://www.extremetech.com/article2/0,1697,2169018,00.asp
Archivedhttps://web.archive.org/web/20071024140702/http://www.extremetech.com/article2/0,1697,2169018,00.asp
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-ajVA3_85-0
"PCI Special Interest Group Publishes PCI Express 3.0 Standard"https://web.archive.org/web/20101121001048/http://www.xbitlabs.com/news/other/display/20101118151837_PCI_Special_Interest_Group_Publishes_PCI_Express_3_0_Standard.html
the originalhttp://www.xbitlabs.com/news/other/display/20101118151837_PCI_Special_Interest_Group_Publishes_PCI_Express_3_0_Standard.html
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-5lvIH_86-0
"PCIe 3.1 and 4.0 Specifications Revealed"http://www.eteknix.com/pcie-3-1-and-4-0-specifications-revealed/
Archivedhttps://web.archive.org/web/20160201102133/http://www.eteknix.com/pcie-3-1-and-4-0-specifications-revealed/
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-9EIkz_87-0
"Trick or Treat... PCI Express 3.1 Released!"http://blogs.synopsys.com/expressyourself/2014/11/12/trick-or-treat-pci-express-3-1-released/
Archivedhttps://web.archive.org/web/20150323193106/https://blogs.synopsys.com/expressyourself/2014/11/12/trick-or-treat-pci-express-3-1-released/
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-W466M_88-0
"PCI Express 4.0 evolution to 16 GT/s, twice the throughput of PCI Express 3.0 technology"https://web.archive.org/web/20121223043627/http://www.pcisig.com/news_room/Press_Releases/November_29_2011_Press_Release_/
the originalhttp://www.pcisig.com/news_room/Press_Releases/November_29_2011_Press_Release_/
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-QNZsy_89-0
"Frequently Asked Questions | PCI-SIG"https://web.archive.org/web/20161020040106/https://pcisig.com/faq?field_category_value%5B%5D=pci_express_4.0
the originalhttps://pcisig.com/faq?field_category_value%5B%5D=pci_express_4.0#4415
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-EE_4+5_90-0
"PCIe 4.0 Heads to Fab, 5.0 to Lab"http://www.eetimes.com/document.asp?doc_id=1330006
Archivedhttps://web.archive.org/web/20160828221858/http://www.eetimes.com/document.asp?doc_id=1330006
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-FZ4hQ_91-0
"Mellanox Announces ConnectX-5, the Next Generation of 100G InfiniBand and Ethernet Smart Interconnect Adapter | NVIDIA"https://www.mellanox.com/news/press_release/mellanox-announces-connectx-5-next-generation-100g-infiniband-and-ethernet-smart-interconnect
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-zovf4_92-0
"Mellanox Announces 200Gb/s HDR InfiniBand Solutions Enabling Record Levels of Performance and Scalability | NVIDIA"https://www.mellanox.com/news/press_release/mellanox-announces-200gbs-hdr-infiniband-solutions-enabling-record-levels-performance-and
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-heise_idf_2016_93-0
"IDF: PCIe 4.0 läuft, PCIe 5.0 in Arbeit"http://www.heise.de/newsticker/meldung/IDF-PCIe-4-0-laeuft-PCIe-5-0-in-Arbeit-3297114.html
Heise Onlinehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heise_Online
Archivedhttps://web.archive.org/web/20160819153631/http://www.heise.de/newsticker/meldung/IDF-PCIe-4-0-laeuft-PCIe-5-0-in-Arbeit-3297114.html
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-HC28-IBM-Power9_94-0
"Brian Thompto, POWER9 Processor for the Cognitive Era"https://old.hotchips.org/wp-content/uploads/hc_archives/hc28/HC28.23-Tuesday-Epub/HC28.23.90-High-Perform-Epub/HC28.23.921-.POWER9-Thompto-IBM-final.pdf
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-IEEE-Power9_95-0
2016 IEEE Hot Chips 28 Symposium (HCS), 21–23 Aug. 2016https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/conhome/7932734/proceeding
ahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-TR_pcie4_96-0
bhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-TR_pcie4_96-1
"PCIe 4.0 specification finally out with 16 GT/s on tap"https://techreport.com/news/32064/pcie-4-0-specification-finally-out-with-16-gt-s-on-tap
Archivedhttps://web.archive.org/web/20170608155216/http://techreport.com/news/32064/pcie-4-0-specification-finally-out-with-16-gt-s-on-tap
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-2HOSh_97-0
"IBM Unveils Most Advanced Server for AI"https://web.archive.org/web/20171208002632/http://www-03.ibm.com/press/us/en/pressrelease/53452.wss
the originalhttps://www-03.ibm.com/press/us/en/pressrelease/53452.wss
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-IBM-ZG17-0147_98-0
"IBM Power System AC922 (8335-GTG) server helps you to harness breakthrough accelerated AI, HPDA, and HPC performance for faster time to insight"https://www.ibm.com/docs/en/announcements/archive/ENUSZG17-0147
Archivedhttps://web.archive.org/web/20240627011358/https://www.ibm.com/docs/en/announcements/archive/ENUSZG17-0147
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-ChNhD_99-0
"NETINT Introduces Codensity with Support for PCIe 4.0 – NETINT Technologies"https://web.archive.org/web/20180929041113/https://www.netint.ca/blog/netint-introduces-codensity-with-support-for-pcie-4-0/
the originalhttps://www.netint.ca/blog/netint-introduces-codensity-with-support-for-pcie-4-0/
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-Akskd_100-0
"AMD Ryzen 3000 Series CPUs Based on Zen 2 Launching in Mid of 2019"https://wccftech.com/amd-ryzen-3000-zen-2-desktop-am4-processors-launching-mid-2019/
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-KDBMK_101-0
"AMD Nixes PCIe 4.0 Support on Older Socket AM4 Motherboards, Here's Why"https://www.tomshardware.com/news/amd-pcie-4.0-socket-am4-motherboard,39559.html
cite webhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_web
linkhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_deprecated_archival_service
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-CAY71_102-0
"PCIe 4.0 May Come to all AMD Socket AM4 Motherboards (Updated)"https://www.tomshardware.com/news/amd-ryzen-pcie-4.0-motherboard,38401.html
cite webhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_web
linkhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_deprecated_archival_service
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-C02lC_103-0
"Tiger Lake IO and Power"https://web.archive.org/web/20201002001525/https://www.anandtech.com/show/15971/intels-11th-gen-core-tiger-lake-soc-detailed-superfin-willow-cove-and-xelp/5
the originalhttps://www.anandtech.com/show/15971/intels-11th-gen-core-tiger-lake-soc-detailed-superfin-willow-cove-and-xelp/5
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-Syn50_104-0
"1,2,3,4,5... It's Official, PCIe 5.0 is Announced | synopsys.com"https://blogs.synopsys.com/expressyourself/2017/08/15/1-2-3-4-5-its-official-pcie-5-0-is-announced
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-n6z9y_105-0
"PLDA Announces Availability of XpressRICH5 PCIe 5.0 Controller IP | PLDA.com"https://www.plda.com/plda-announces-availability-xpressrich5tm-pcie-50-controller-ip
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-9OVm8_106-0
"XpressRICH5 for ASIC | PLDA.com"https://www.plda.com/products/pcie-solutions-asicsoc/pcie-controller-ip/pcie-soft-ip/pcie-40-soft-ip/xpressrich5-asic
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-PCIe5r09_107-0
"Doubling Bandwidth in Under Two Years: PCI Express® Base Specification Revision 5.0, Version 0.9 is Now Available to Members"http://pcisig.com/doubling-bandwidth-under-two-years-pci-express®-base-specification-revision-50-version-09-now
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-ETVqe_108-0
"PCIe 5.0 Is Ready For Prime Time"https://www.tomshardware.com/news/pcie-4.0-5.0-pci-sig-specification,38460.html
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-MW69U_109-0
"PCI-SIG Achieves 32GT/s with New PCI Express 5.0 Specification"https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20190529005766/en/PCI-SIG%C2%AE-Achieves-32GTs-with-New-PCI-Express%C2%AE-5.0-Specification
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-yk5Nd_110-0
"PCI-Express 5.0: China stellt ersten Controller vor"https://www.pcgameshardware.de/Mainboard-Hardware-154107/News/PCI-Express50-China-stellt-ersten-Controller-vor-1337072/
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-111
"IBM's POWER10 Processor, Hot Chips 32, August 16–18, 2020"https://hc32.hotchips.org/assets/program/conference/day1/HotChips2020_Server_Processors_IBM_Starke_POWER10_v33.pdf
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-IBM-ENUSZG21-0059_112-0
Power E1080 Enterprise server delivers a uniquely architected platform to help securely and efficiently scale core operational and AI applications in a hybrid cloud, IBM Europe Hardware Announcement ZG21-0059https://www.ibm.com/common/ssi/rep_ca/9/877/ENUSZG21-0059/index.html
ahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-IBM-REDP-5649-00_113-0
bhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-IBM-REDP-5649-00_113-1
IBM Power E1080 Technical Overview and Introductionhttp://www.redbooks.ibm.com/redpapers/pdfs/redp5649.pdf
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-114
"Intel Unveils 12th Gen Intel Core, Launches World's Best Gaming"https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/newsroom/news/12th-gen-core-processors.html
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-115
"NVIDIA Announces Hopper Architecture, the Next Generation of Accelerated Computing"https://nvidianews.nvidia.com/news/nvidia-announces-hopper-architecture-the-next-generation-of-accelerated-computing
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-116
"AMD Showcases Industry-Leading Gaming, Commercial, and Mainstream PC Technologies at COMPUTEX 2022"https://www.amd.com/en/press-releases/2022-05-23-amd-showcases-growth-gaming-commercial-and-mainstream-mobile-and-industry
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-117
"4th Gen AMD EPYC Processor Architecture"https://www.amd.com/en/campaigns/epyc-9004-architecture
ahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-businesswire.com_118-0
bhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-businesswire.com_118-1
"PCI-SIG® Announces Upcoming PCI Express® 6.0 Specification to Reach 64 GT/s"https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20190618005945/en/PCI-SIG%C2%AE-Announces-Upcoming-PCI-Express%C2%AE-6.0-Specification-to-Reach-64-GTs
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-O5gOe_119-0
"PCI Express Bandwidth to Be Doubled Again: PCIe 6.0 Announced, Spec to Land in 2021"https://web.archive.org/web/20190618230138/https://www.anandtech.com/show/14559/pci-express-bandwidth-to-be-doubled-again-pcie-60-announced-spec-to-land-in-2021
the originalhttps://www.anandtech.com/show/14559/pci-express-bandwidth-to-be-doubled-again-pcie-60-announced-spec-to-land-in-2021
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-puGmx_120-0
"PCI Express 6.0 Reaches Version 0.5 Ahead Of Finalization Next Year – Phoronix"https://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=news_item&px=PCI-Express-6.0-v0.5
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-ltCSi_121-0
"PCIe 6.0 Specification Hits Milestone: Complete Draft Is Ready"https://www.tomshardware.com/news/pcie-6-specification-hits-milestone-complete-draft-is-ready
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-60r9_122-0
"PCIe 6.0 Specification, Version 0.9: One Step Closer to Final Release | PCI-SIG"https://pcisig.com/blog/pcie®-60-specification-version-09-one-step-closer-final-release
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-123
"PCI-SIG Releases PCIe 6.0 Specification Delivering Record Performance to Power Big Data Applications"https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20220111005011/en/PCI-SIG%C2%AE-Releases-PCIe%C2%AE-6.0-Specification-Delivering-Record-Performance-to-Power-Big-Data-Applications
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-pcie6_evolution_blog_124-0
"The Evolution of the PCI Express Specification: On its Sixth Generation, Third Decade and Still Going Strong"https://pcisig.com/blog/evolution-pci-express-specification-its-sixth-generation-third-decade-and-still-going-strong
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-PCIe6_fut_125-0
"PCIe 6.0 Specification: The Interconnect for I/O Needs of the Future"https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211030/jhehXwnu0Ss
the originalhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jhehXwnu0Ss
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-cadence_pice6_126-0
"Pushing the Envelope with PCIe 6.0: Bringing PAM4 to PCIe"https://www.cadence.com/content/dam/cadence-www/global/en_US/documents/tools/ip/design-ip/pushing-the-envelope-with-pcie-6-wp.pdf
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-pcie6_webinar_127-0
"PowerPoint Presentation"https://pcisig.com/sites/default/files/files/PCIe%206.0%20Webinar_Final_.pdf
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-128
"The world's first bleeding-edge PCIe 6.0 SSD is here (but not for you)"https://www.pcworld.com/article/2865008/the-worlds-first-bleeding-edge-pcie-6-0-ssd-is-here-but-not-for-you.html
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-129
"PCIe 6.0 devices poised for 2025 launch, ushering in next-gen connectivity"https://www.pcworld.com/article/2805679/pci-express-6-products-might-finally-ship-in-2025.html
ahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-:0_130-0
bhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-:0_130-1
"PCI Express 7.0's blazing speeds are nearly here, but PCIe 6 is still vapor"https://www.pcworld.com/article/2643020/pci-express-7-0-is-nearly-here-on-paper-but-pcie-6-is-still-vapor.html
PCWorldhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCWorld
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-131
"PCI-SIG Announces PCI Express 7.0 Specification to Reach 128 GT/s"https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20220621005137/en
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-PCIe70v05_132-0
"PCIe 7.0 Specification, Version 0.5 Now Available: Full Draft Available to Members"https://pcisig.com/blog/pcie%C2%AE-70-specification-version-05-now-available-full-draft-available-members
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-PCIe70v07_133-0
"Progressing on Track: PCIe 7.0 Specification, Version 0.7 Now Available for Member Review"https://pcisig.com/blog/progressing-track-pcie-70-specification-version-07-now-available-member-review
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-PCIe70v09_134-0
"PCIe 7.0 Specification, Version 0.9: Final Draft Now Available for Member Review"https://pcisig.com/blog/pcie-70-specification-version-09-final-draft-now-available-member-review
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-135
"PCI-SIG Releases PCIe 7.0 Specification to Support the Bandwidth Demands of Artificial Intelligence at 128.0 GT/s Transfer Rates"https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20250611299049/en/PCI-SIG-Releases-PCIe-7.0-Specification-to-Support-the-Bandwidth-Demands-of-Artificial-Intelligence-at-128.0-GTs-Transfer-Rates
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-136
"PCI-SIG Announces PCIe 8.0 Specification Targeted for Release by 2028 | PCI-SIG"https://pcisig.com/pci-sig-announces-pcie-80-specification-targeted-release-2028
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-PCIeFiber_137-0
"PLX demo shows PCIe over fiber as data center clustering interconnect"http://www.cablinginstall.com/index/display/article-display/8876181966/articles/cabling-installation-maintenance/news/data-center/2011/6/plx-demo_shows_pcie.html
permanent dead linkhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-adnacoPCIe_138-0
"Introduced second generation PCI Express Gen 2 over fiber optic systems"http://www.adnaco.com/2011/09/03/new1
Archivedhttps://web.archive.org/web/20121004094357/http://www.adnaco.com/2011/09/03/new1/
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-g6np3_139-0
"PCIe Active Optical Cable System"http://www.samtec.com/cable-systems/active-optics/active-optical-cable/pcie.aspx
Archivedhttps://web.archive.org/web/20141230122105/http://www.samtec.com/cable-systems/active-optics/active-optical-cable/pcie.aspx
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-IBM-REDP-5137-00_140-0
"IBM Power Systems E870 and E880 Technical Overview and Introduction"http://www.redbooks.ibm.com/redpapers/pdfs/redp5137.pdf
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-kZCuH_141-0
"Acer, Asus to Bring Intel's Thunderbolt Speed Technology to Windows PCs"https://www.pcworld.com/article/240013/acer_asus_to_bring_intels_thunderbolt_speed_technology_to_windows_pcs.html
Archivedhttps://web.archive.org/web/20120118190546/http://www.pcworld.com/article/240013/acer_asus_to_bring_intels_thunderbolt_speed_technology_to_windows_pcs.html
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-RKmF2_142-0
"PCIe for Mobile Launched; PCIe 3.1, 4.0 Specs Revealed"http://www.tomshardware.com/news/M-PCIe-M.2-PCIe-3.1-PCIe-4.0-OCuLink,23259.html
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-yT5P8_143-0
"PCI Express 4.0 Draft 0.7 & PIPE 4.4 Specifications – What Do They Mean to Designers? — Synopsys Technical Article | ChipEstimate.com"https://www.chipestimate.com/PCI-Express-40-Draft-07-and-PIPE-44-Specifications-What-Do-They-Mean-to-Designers/Synopsys/Technical-Article/2017/02/21
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-9tQ3g_144-0
"PCI Express 1× , 4× , 8× , 16× bus pinout and wiring @"http://pinouts.ru/Slots/pci_express_pinout.shtml
RUhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russia
Archivedhttps://web.archive.org/web/20091125025800/http://pinouts.ru/Slots/pci_express_pinout.shtml
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-pipe_spec_145-0
"PHY Interface for the PCI Express Architecture"https://web.archive.org/web/20080317171752/http://download.intel.com/technology/pciexpress/devnet/docs/pipe2_00.pdf
the originalhttp://download.intel.com/technology/pciexpress/devnet/docs/pipe2_00.pdf
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-PCIe-System-Architecture_146-0
"PCI Express System Architecture"https://www.mindshare.com/files/ebooks/PCI%20Express%20System%20Architecture.pdf
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-Intel-PCIe_147-0
"Communications"https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/support/ru-banner.html
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-pcie_schematics1_148-0
"Mechanical Drawing for PCI Express Connector"http://www.interfacebus.com/PCI-Express-Bus-PCIe-Description.html#d
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-pcie_schematics2_149-0
"FCi schematic for PCIe connectors"https://web.archive.org/web/20080920210549/http://portal.fciconnect.com/Comergent//fci/drawing/10018783.pdf
the originalhttp://portal.fciconnect.com/Comergent/fci/drawing/10018783.pdf
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-vV4Hv_150-0
"Reducing Interrupt Latency Through the Use of Message Signaled Interrupts"https://www.intel.com/content/dam/www/public/us/en/documents/white-papers/msg-signaled-interrupts-paper.pdf
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-iPAaS_151-0
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-152
"PCIe Data Transmission Overview"https://ww1.microchip.com/downloads/aemDocuments/documents/TCG/ProductDocuments/Brochures/00003818.pdf
Microchip Technologyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microchip_Technology
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-153
CompTIA A+ Exam Cram (Exams 220-602, 220-603, 220-604)https://books.google.com/books?id=k_HJCgAAQBAJ&dq=pcie+differential+pair&pg=PT128
ISBNhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)
978-0-7686-9003-3https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7686-9003-3
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-traffic_profile_154-0
Computer Peripherals And Interfaceshttps://books.google.com/books?id=Xp7-NKsJ8_sC&dq=frequent+enforced+acknowledgements/&pg=PA35
ISBNhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)
9788184313086https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788184313086
Archivedhttps://web.archive.org/web/20140225203956/http://www.google.com/books?id=Xp7-NKsJ8_sC&pg=PA35&dq=frequent+enforced+acknowledgements%2F
ahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-Xilinx_155-0
bhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-Xilinx_155-1
chttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-Xilinx_155-2
dhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-Xilinx_155-3
ehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-Xilinx_155-4
"Understanding Performance of PCI Express Systems"https://www.xilinx.com/support/documentation/white_papers/wp350.pdf
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-gxHZT_156-0
"NVIDIA Introduces NVIDIA Quadro Plex – A Quantum Leap in Visual Computing"http://www.nvidia.com/object/IO_34527.html
Archivedhttps://web.archive.org/web/20060824225752/http://www.nvidia.com/object/IO_34527.html
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-zJYg8_157-0
"Quadro Plex VCS – Advanced visualization and remote graphics"http://www.nvidia.com/page/quadroplex.html
Archivedhttps://web.archive.org/web/20110428042937/http://www.nvidia.com/page/quadroplex.html
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-HgxXj_158-0
"XGP"https://web.archive.org/web/20100129170434/http://ati.amd.com/technology/xgp/
the originalhttp://ati.amd.com/technology/xgp/
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-WHU07_159-0
Fujitsu-Siemens Amilo GraphicBooster External Laptop GPU Releasedhttp://www.ubergizmo.com/2008/12/fujitsu-siemens-amilo-graphicbooster-external-laptop-gpu-released/
archivedhttps://web.archive.org/web/20151016192734/http://www.ubergizmo.com/2008/12/fujitsu-siemens-amilo-graphicbooster-external-laptop-gpu-released/
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-mvR09_160-0
DynaVivid Graphics Dock from Acer arrives in France, what about the US?http://www.ubergizmo.com/2010/08/dynavivid-graphics-dock-from-acer-arrives-in-france-what-about-the-us/
archivedhttps://web.archive.org/web/20151016192734/http://www.ubergizmo.com/2010/08/dynavivid-graphics-dock-from-acer-arrives-in-france-what-about-the-us/
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-ZAJ0y_161-0
"MSI to showcase 'GUS' external graphics solution for laptops at Computex"https://www.tweaktown.com/news/15382/msi_to_showcase_gus_external_graphics_solution_for_laptops_at_computex/
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-J5UtH_162-0
"ExpressCard trying to pull a (not so) fast one?"http://www.pcper.com/news/Editorial/ExpressCard-trying-pull-not-so-fast-one
archivedhttps://web.archive.org/web/20160201160254/http://www.pcper.com/news/Editorial/ExpressCard-trying-pull-not-so-fast-one
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-jWWJt_163-0
"PE4H V3.2 (PCIe ×16 Adapter)"http://www.hwtools.net/Adapter/PE4H%20V3.2.html
Archivedhttps://web.archive.org/web/20140214012341/http://www.hwtools.net/Adapter/PE4H%20V3.2.html
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-ERk1e_164-0
"How to Upgrade Your Notebook Graphics Card Using DIY ViDOCK"http://www.notebookreview.com/default.asp?newsID=5846&review=how+to+upgrade+laptop+graphics+notebook
archivedhttps://web.archive.org/web/20131213054647/http://www.notebookreview.com/default.asp?newsID=5846&review=how+to+upgrade+laptop+graphics+notebook
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-CvJwZ_165-0
"The Thunderbolt Devices Trickle In: Magma's ExpressBox 3T"https://web.archive.org/web/20160304201352/http://www.anandtech.com/show/4743/the-thunderbolt-devices-trickle-in-magmas-expressbox-3t
the originalhttp://www.anandtech.com/show/4743/the-thunderbolt-devices-trickle-in-magmas-expressbox-3t
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-OLzu7_166-0
"MSI GUS II external GPU enclosure with Thunderbolt"https://www.theverge.com/2012/1/10/2698168/msi-GUS-II-external-thunderbolt-gpu-enclosure
Archivedhttps://web.archive.org/web/20120213123659/http://www.theverge.com/2012/1/10/2698168/msi-GUS-II-external-thunderbolt-gpu-enclosure
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-5LOrR_167-0
"PCI express graphics, Thunderbolt"http://www.tomshardware.com/reviews/pci-express-graphics-thunderbolt,3263-2.html
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-apXPa_168-0
"M logics M link Thunderbold chassis no shipping"https://www.engadget.com/2012/12/13/mlogics-mlink-thunderbolt-chassis-now-shipping-399/
archivedhttps://web.archive.org/web/20170625182008/https://www.engadget.com/2012/12/13/mlogics-mlink-thunderbolt-chassis-now-shipping-399/
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-PXbHS_169-0
"2017 Razer Blade Stealth and Core V2 detailed"https://www.slashgear.com/2017-razer-blade-stealth-and-core-v2-detailed-17504328/
archivedhttps://web.archive.org/web/20171017211631/https://www.slashgear.com/2017-razer-blade-stealth-and-core-v2-detailed-17504328/
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-49G×4_170-0
"CompactFlash Association readies next-gen XQD format, promises write speeds of 125 MB/s and up"https://www.engadget.com/2011/12/08/compactflash-association-readies-next-gen-xqd-format-promises-w/
Archivedhttps://web.archive.org/web/20140519002107/http://www.engadget.com/2011/12/08/compactflash-association-readies-next-gen-xqd-format-promises-w/
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-P3Feb_171-0
"What's so very different about the design of Fusion-io's ioDrives / PCIe SSDs?"http://www.storagesearch.com/ssd-29.html
Archivedhttps://web.archive.org/web/20130923065816/http://www.storagesearch.com/ssd-29.html
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-NeWKh_172-0
"Fusion-io ioDrive Duo Enterprise PCIe Review"https://web.archive.org/web/20131004230049/http://www.storagereview.com/fusionio_iodrive_duo_enterprise_pcie_review
the originalhttp://www.storagereview.com/fusionio_iodrive_duo_enterprise_pcie_review
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-VLf63_173-0
"OCZ Demos 4 TiB, 16 TiB Solid-State Drives for Enterprise"https://web.archive.org/web/20130325121004/http://www.xbitlabs.com/news/storage/display/20120110180208_OCZ_Demos_4TB_16TB_Solid_State_Drives_for_Enterprise.html
the originalhttp://www.xbitlabs.com/news/storage/display/20120110180208_OCZ_Demos_4TB_16TB_Solid_State_Drives_for_Enterprise.html
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-ymSig_174-0
"Enabling Higher Speed Storage Applications with SATA Express"http://www.sata-io.org/technology/sataexpress.asp
Archivedhttps://web.archive.org/web/20121127010238/http://www.sata-io.org/technology/sataexpress.asp
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-SNLQe_175-0
"SATA M.2 Card"https://www.sata-io.org/sata-m2-card
Archivedhttps://web.archive.org/web/20131003103042/https://www.sata-io.org/sata-m2-card
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-FJvMX_176-0
"SCSI Express"https://web.archive.org/web/20130127094133/http://www.scsita.org/library/scsi-express/
the originalhttp://www.scsita.org/library/scsi-express/
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-YUum6_177-0
"A Case for PCI Express as a High-Performance Cluster Interconnect"http://www.hpcwire.com/hpcwire/2011-01-24/a_case_for_pci_express_as_a_high-performance_cluster_interconnect.html
Archivedhttps://web.archive.org/web/20130114041356/http://www.hpcwire.com/hpcwire/2011-01-24/a_case_for_pci_express_as_a_high-performance_cluster_interconnect.html
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-1Jwlv_178-0
"New PCI Express 4.0 delay may empower next-gen alternatives"https://www.techrepublic.com/article/new-pci-express-4-0-delay-may-empower-next-gen-alternatives/
Archivedhttps://web.archive.org/web/20170401143837/http://www.techrepublic.com/article/new-pci-express-4-0-delay-may-empower-next-gen-alternatives/
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-aJ00L_179-0
"CXL Specification 1.0 Released: New Industry High-Speed Interconnect From Intel"https://web.archive.org/web/20190311140105/https://www.anandtech.com/show/14068/cxl-specification-1-released-new-industry-high-speed-interconnect-from-intel
the originalhttps://www.anandtech.com/show/14068/cxl-specification-1-released-new-industry-high-speed-interconnect-from-intel
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#cite_ref-9ps7Q_180-0
"Integrators List | PCI-SIG"http://pcisig.com/developers/integrators-list
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ISBNhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)
978-0-9702846-9-3https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-9702846-9-3
edithttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=PCI_Express&action=edit§ion=56
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