| Jump to content | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#bodyContent |
| Main page | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page |
| Contents | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents |
| Current events | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Current_events |
| Random article | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:Random |
| About Wikipedia | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:About |
| Contact us | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us |
| Help | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Contents |
| Learn to edit | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Introduction |
| Community portal | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal |
| Recent changes | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:RecentChanges |
| Upload file | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard |
| Special pages | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:SpecialPages |
|
| https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page |
|
Search
| https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:Search |
| Donate | https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en |
| Create account | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=General+Data+Protection+Regulation |
| Log in | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=General+Data+Protection+Regulation |
| Donate | https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en |
| Create account | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=General+Data+Protection+Regulation |
| Log in | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=General+Data+Protection+Regulation |
|
(Top)
| https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation |
|
1
Contents
| https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#Contents |
|
1.1
General provisions
| https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#General_provisions |
|
1.2
Principles and lawful purposes
| https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#Principles_and_lawful_purposes |
|
1.3
Rights of the data subject
| https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#Rights_of_the_data_subject |
|
1.3.1
Transparency and modalities
| https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#Transparency_and_modalities |
|
1.3.2
Information and access
| https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#Information_and_access |
|
1.3.3
Rectification and erasure
| https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#Rectification_and_erasure |
|
1.3.4
Right to object and automated decisions
| https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#Right_to_object_and_automated_decisions |
|
1.3.5
Right to compensation
| https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#Right_to_compensation |
|
1.4
Controller and processor
| https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#Controller_and_processor |
|
1.4.1
Pseudonymisation
| https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#Pseudonymisation |
|
1.4.2
Records of processing activities
| https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#Records_of_processing_activities |
|
1.4.3
Security of personal data
| https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#Security_of_personal_data |
|
1.4.4
Data protection officer
| https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#Data_protection_officer |
|
1.5
GDPR Certification
| https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#GDPR_Certification |
|
1.6
Remedies, liability and penalties
| https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#Remedies,_liability_and_penalties |
|
2
Exemptions
| https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#Exemptions |
|
3
Applicability outside of the European Union
| https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#Applicability_outside_of_the_European_Union |
|
3.1
EU Representative
| https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#EU_Representative |
|
3.2
Third countries
| https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#Third_countries |
|
3.3
United Kingdom implementation
| https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#United_Kingdom_implementation |
|
4
Misconceptions
| https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#Misconceptions |
|
5
Reception
| https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#Reception |
|
6
Impact
| https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#Impact |
|
6.1
Enforcement and inconsistency
| https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#Enforcement_and_inconsistency |
|
6.2
Influence on foreign laws
| https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#Influence_on_foreign_laws |
|
6.3
Website views and revenue
| https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#Website_views_and_revenue |
|
7
Timeline
| https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#Timeline |
|
8
EU Digital Single Market
| https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#EU_Digital_Single_Market |
|
9
See also
| https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#See_also |
|
10
Notes
| https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#Notes |
|
11
References
| https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#References |
|
12
External links
| https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#External_links |
| Afrikaans | https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algemene_Databeskermingsregulasie_(GDPR) |
| العربية | https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%85_%D9%84%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AA |
| Asturianu | https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reglamentu_Xeneral_de_Protecci%C3%B3n_de_Datos |
| Azərbaycanca | https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C9%99lumatlar%C4%B1n_m%C3%BChafiz%C9%99si_haqq%C4%B1nda_%C3%9Cmumi_Reqlament |
| Български | https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B1%D1%89_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82_%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%89%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5 |
| Català | https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reglament_General_de_Protecci%C3%B3_de_Dades |
| Čeština | https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obecn%C3%A9_na%C5%99%C3%ADzen%C3%AD_o_ochran%C4%9B_osobn%C3%ADch_%C3%BAdaj%C5%AF |
| Dansk | https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Databeskyttelsesforordningen |
| Deutsch | https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datenschutz-Grundverordnung |
| Eesti | https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isikuandmete_kaitse_%C3%BCldm%C3%A4%C3%A4rus |
| Ελληνικά | https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%93%CE%B5%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C%CF%82_%CE%9A%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82_%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%B1_%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BD_%CE%A0%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%94%CE%B5%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CF%89%CE%BD |
| Español | https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reglamento_General_de_Protecci%C3%B3n_de_Datos |
| Esperanto | https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%9Cenerala_Datum-Protekta_Regularo |
| Euskara | https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datuak_Babesteko_Erregelamendu_Orokorra |
| فارسی | https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%B9%D9%85%D9%88%D9%85%DB%8C_%D8%AD%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B8%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D8%B2_%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%87_%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%87_%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%BE%D8%A7 |
| Français | https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A8glement_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral_sur_la_protection_des_donn%C3%A9es |
| Gaeilge | https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Rialach%C3%A1n_Ginear%C3%A1lta_maidir_le_Cosaint_Sonra%C3%AD |
| Galego | https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regulamento_xeral_de_protecci%C3%B3n_de_datos |
| 한국어 | https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%BC%EB%B0%98_%EB%8D%B0%EC%9D%B4%ED%84%B0_%EB%B3%B4%ED%98%B8_%EA%B7%9C%EC%B9%99 |
| Հայերեն | https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B8%D5%B6%D5%A4%D5%B0%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%B8%D6%82%D6%80_%D5%BF%D5%BE%D5%B5%D5%A1%D5%AC%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%AB_%D5%BA%D5%A1%D5%B7%D5%BF%D5%BA%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%B8%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A3 |
| हिन्दी | https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%A3_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE |
| Hrvatski | https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Op%C4%87a_uredba_o_za%C5%A1titi_podataka |
| Bahasa Indonesia | https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regulasi_Umum_Perlindungan_Data |
| Íslenska | https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almenna_pers%C3%B3nuverndarregluger%C3%B0in |
| Italiano | https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regolamento_generale_sulla_protezione_dei_dati |
| עברית | https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/GDPR |
| Latina | https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edictum_generale_de_protectione_datorum |
| Latviešu | https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visp%C4%81r%C4%ABg%C4%81_datu_aizsardz%C4%ABbas_regula |
| Lombard | https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regolament_jeneral_in_su_la_protezion_dei_daits |
| Magyar | https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81ltal%C3%A1nos_adatv%C3%A9delmi_rendelet |
| Madhurâ | https://mad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regulasi_Umum_Perlindungan_Data |
| മലയാളം | https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%9C%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%BD_%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1_%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%8A%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B7%E0%B5%BB_%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%B7%E0%B5%BB |
| Bahasa Melayu | https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peraturan_Umum_Perlindungan_Data |
| Nederlands | https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algemene_verordening_gegevensbescherming |
| 日本語 | https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/EU%E4%B8%80%E8%88%AC%E3%83%87%E3%83%BC%E3%82%BF%E4%BF%9D%E8%AD%B7%E8%A6%8F%E5%89%87 |
| Norsk bokmål | https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personvernforordningen |
| Polski | https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Og%C3%B3lne_rozporz%C4%85dzenie_o_ochronie_danych |
| Português | https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regulamento_Geral_sobre_a_Prote%C3%A7%C3%A3o_de_Dados |
| Română | https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regulamentul_general_privind_protec%C8%9Bia_datelor |
| Русский | https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B1%D1%89%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82_%D0%BF%D0%BE_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%89%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85 |
| Shqip | https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rregullorja_e_P%C3%ABrgjithshme_p%C3%ABr_Mbrojtjen_e_t%C3%AB_Dh%C3%ABnave |
| Simple English | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation |
| Slovenčina | https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C5%A1eobecn%C3%A9_nariadenie_o_ochrane_%C3%BAdajov |
| Slovenščina | https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Splo%C5%A1na_uredba_o_varstvu_podatkov |
| Српски / srpski | https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Op%C5%A1ta_uredba_o_za%C5%A1titi_podataka |
| Suomi | https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yleinen_tietosuoja-asetus |
| Svenska | https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dataskyddsf%C3%B6rordningen |
| ไทย | https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B8%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%82%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B1%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9B |
| Türkçe | https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genel_Veri_Koruma_T%C3%BCz%C3%BC%C4%9F%C3%BC |
| Українська | https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%85 |
| اردو | https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%86%D8%B1%D9%84_%DA%88%DB%8C%D9%B9%D8%A7_%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%B9%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%B4%D9%86_%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%AF%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B4%D9%86 |
| Tiếng Việt | https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quy_%C4%91%E1%BB%8Bnh_b%E1%BA%A3o_v%E1%BB%87_d%E1%BB%AF_li%E1%BB%87u_chung |
| 中文 | https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%AD%90%E7%9B%9F%E4%B8%80%E8%88%AC%E8%B3%87%E6%96%99%E4%BF%9D%E8%AD%B7%E8%A6%8F%E7%AF%84 |
| Edit links | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1172506#sitelinks-wikipedia |
| Article | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation |
| Talk | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:General_Data_Protection_Regulation |
| Read | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation |
| Edit | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=General_Data_Protection_Regulation&action=edit |
| View history | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=General_Data_Protection_Regulation&action=history |
| Read | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation |
| Edit | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=General_Data_Protection_Regulation&action=edit |
| View history | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=General_Data_Protection_Regulation&action=history |
| What links here | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/General_Data_Protection_Regulation |
| Related changes | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/General_Data_Protection_Regulation |
| Upload file | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard |
| Permanent link | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=General_Data_Protection_Regulation&oldid=1331011370 |
| Page information | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=General_Data_Protection_Regulation&action=info |
| Cite this page | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=General_Data_Protection_Regulation&id=1331011370&wpFormIdentifier=titleform |
| Get shortened URL | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FGeneral_Data_Protection_Regulation |
| Download QR code | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FGeneral_Data_Protection_Regulation |
| Download as PDF | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=General_Data_Protection_Regulation&action=show-download-screen |
| Printable version | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=General_Data_Protection_Regulation&printable=yes |
| Wikimedia Commons | https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:General_Data_Protection_Regulation |
| MediaWiki | https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/GDPR_(General_Data_Protection_Regulation)_and_MediaWiki_software |
| Wikidata item | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1172506 |
| Gross domestic product of region | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gross_domestic_product_of_region |
| 2016/679 | https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:02016R0679-20160504 |
| European Union regulation | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regulation_(European_Union) |
| EEA | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Economic_Area |
| European Parliament | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Parliament |
| Council of the European Union | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Council_of_the_European_Union |
| Journal | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Official_Journal_of_the_European_Union |
| L119, 4 May 2016, p. 1–88 | https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2016/679/oj |
| Commission | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Commission |
| Data Protection Directive | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_Protection_Directive |
| [1] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-32016R0679-1 |
| European Union regulation | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regulation_(European_Union) |
| information privacy | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_privacy |
| European Union | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Union |
| European Economic Area | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Economic_Area |
| privacy law | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Privacy_law |
| human rights law | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_rights_law |
| Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charter_of_Fundamental_Rights_of_the_European_Union |
| personal data | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_data |
| international business | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_business |
| [2] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-2 |
| Data Protection Directive | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_Protection_Directive |
| European Parliament | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Parliament |
| Council of the European Union | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Council_of_the_European_Union |
| EU regulation | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regulation_(European_Union) |
| directive | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Directive_(European_Union) |
| transposition | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transposition_(law) |
| Brussels effect | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brussels_effect |
| Brazil | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brazil |
| [3] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-3 |
| Japan | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan |
| Singapore | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singapore |
| South Africa | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Africa |
| South Korea | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Korea |
| Sri Lanka | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sri_Lanka |
| Thailand | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand |
| [4] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-4 |
| leaving the European Union | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brexit |
| United Kingdom | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom |
| [5] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-UKGD_1-5 |
| California Consumer Privacy Act | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California_Consumer_Privacy_Act |
| [6] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-6 |
| edit | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=General_Data_Protection_Regulation&action=edit§ion=1 |
| edit | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=General_Data_Protection_Regulation&action=edit§ion=2 |
| [7] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-7 |
| European Commission | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Commission |
| [8] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-8 |
| [1] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-32016R0679-1 |
| tribunal | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tribunal |
| mutual legal assistance treaty | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutual_legal_assistance_treaty |
| State level | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Member_state_of_the_European_Union |
| [9] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-9 |
| [1] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-32016R0679-1 |
| one-stop shop | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/One-stop_shop |
| [10] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-10 |
| [11] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-52012AE1303-11 |
| European Data Protection Board | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Data_Protection_Board |
| [1] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-32016R0679-1 |
| edit | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=General_Data_Protection_Regulation&action=edit§ion=3 |
| Personality rights | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personality_rights |
| data minimisation | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_minimisation |
| Charter of Fundamental Rights | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charter_of_Fundamental_Rights_of_the_European_Union |
| [1] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-32016R0679-1 |
| [1] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-32016R0679-1 |
| [1] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-32016R0679-1 |
| [1] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-32016R0679-1 |
| [12] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-12 |
| [13] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-privacy_association-13 |
| [14] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-guardian-unneeded-14 |
| [15] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-15 |
| edit | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=General_Data_Protection_Regulation&action=edit§ion=4 |
| edit | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=General_Data_Protection_Regulation&action=edit§ion=5 |
| edit | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=General_Data_Protection_Regulation&action=edit§ion=6 |
| right of access | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Right_of_access_to_personal_data |
| [16] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-eujournalpublication-16 |
| [1] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-32016R0679-1 |
| [1] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-32016R0679-1 |
| [1] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-32016R0679-1 |
| [1] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-32016R0679-1 |
| [1] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-32016R0679-1 |
| [17] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-17 |
| Siri | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siri |
| [18] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-18 |
| device fingerprints | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Device_fingerprint |
| [19] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-19 |
| data portability | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_portability |
| edit | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=General_Data_Protection_Regulation&action=edit§ion=7 |
| right to be forgotten | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Right_to_be_forgotten |
| [20] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-1_Essex_Court-20 |
| [21] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-21 |
| Google Spain SL, Google Inc. v Agencia Española de Protección de Datos, Mario Costeja González | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Spain_v_AEPD_and_Mario_Costeja_Gonz%C3%A1lez |
| [22] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-22 |
| edit | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=General_Data_Protection_Regulation&action=edit§ion=8 |
| [23] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-:1-23 |
| [23] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-:1-23 |
| Canada | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canada |
| [24] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-24 |
| citation needed | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed |
| edit | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=General_Data_Protection_Regulation&action=edit§ion=9 |
| [25] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-25 |
| principles of equivalence and effectiveness | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct_effect_of_European_Union_law |
| [26] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-26 |
| [a] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-28 |
| [28] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-29 |
| edit | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=General_Data_Protection_Regulation&action=edit§ion=10 |
| data collection | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_collection |
| portable | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_portability |
| data erased | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_erasure |
| data breaches | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_breach |
| pseudonymising | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudonymization |
| informed | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Privacy_policy |
| automated decision-making | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automated_decision-making |
| algorithmic | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algorithm |
| view their personal data and access an overview of how it is being processed | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#Right_of_access |
| portable copy of the stored data | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_portability |
| erasure of their data under certain circumstances | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#Data_erasure |
| algorithmic | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algorithm |
| Data Protection Authority | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_data_protection_authority |
| [29] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-30 |
| [30] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-31 |
| [31] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-32 |
| European Union Agency for Network and Information Security | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Union_Agency_for_Network_and_Information_Security |
| edit | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=General_Data_Protection_Regulation&action=edit§ion=11 |
| pseudonymisation | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudonymization |
| data anonymisation | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_anonymisation |
| [32] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-33 |
| encryption | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encryption_software |
| decryption key | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encryption |
| tokenisation | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tokenization_(data_security) |
| data at rest | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_at_rest |
| Tokenisation | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tokenization_(data_security) |
| privacy-enhancing technology | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Privacy-enhancing_technologies |
| [33] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-looking-to-34 |
| edit | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=General_Data_Protection_Regulation&action=edit§ion=12 |
| [b] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-35 |
| edit | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=General_Data_Protection_Regulation&action=edit§ion=13 |
| [34] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-36 |
| pseudonymization | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudonymization |
| anonymization | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_anonymization |
| [35] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-37 |
| consent | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consent |
| [36] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-38 |
| [1] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-32016R0679-1 |
| [1] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-32016R0679-1 |
| [1] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-32016R0679-1 |
| edit | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=General_Data_Protection_Regulation&action=edit§ion=14 |
| European Commission Data Protection Officer | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Commission_Data_Protection_Officer |
| data security | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_security |
| cyberattacks | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attack_(computing) |
| business continuity | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_continuity |
| [37] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-39 |
| [38] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-40 |
| [1] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-32016R0679-1 |
| [39] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-41 |
| edit | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=General_Data_Protection_Regulation&action=edit§ion=15 |
| European Data Protection Seal | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Data_Protection_Seal |
| [40] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-42 |
| EU | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Union |
| EEA | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Economic_Area |
| [41] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-:0-43 |
| [41] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-:0-43 |
| [42] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-44 |
| European Data Protection Board | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Data_Protection_Board |
| Member States | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Member_state_of_the_European_Union |
| [43] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-45 |
| [44] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-46 |
| Europrivacy | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europrivacy |
| European Centre for Certification and Privacy | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Centre_for_Certification_and_Privacy |
| edit | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=General_Data_Protection_Regulation&action=edit§ion=16 |
| GDPR fines and notices | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GDPR_fines_and_notices |
| edit | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=General_Data_Protection_Regulation&action=edit§ion=17 |
| [45] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-47 |
| [1] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-32016R0679-1 |
| [c] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-48 |
| European Union competition law | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Union_competition_law |
| [46] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-wehlander-2016-49 |
| edit | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=General_Data_Protection_Regulation&action=edit§ion=18 |
| European Economic Area | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Economic_Area |
| [47] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-50 |
| extraterritorial jurisdiction | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extraterritorial_jurisdiction |
| [48] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-51 |
| edit | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=General_Data_Protection_Regulation&action=edit§ion=19 |
| [1] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-32016R0679-1 |
| [1] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-32016R0679-1 |
| [1] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-32016R0679-1 |
| [1] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-32016R0679-1 |
| edit | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=General_Data_Protection_Regulation&action=edit§ion=20 |
| [49] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-:5-52 |
| [50] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-:6-53 |
| Binding corporate rules | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binding_corporate_rules |
| [51] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-54 |
| edit | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=General_Data_Protection_Regulation&action=edit§ion=21 |
| [52] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-55 |
| Brexit | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brexit |
| [49] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-:5-52 |
| royal assent | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_assent |
| Data Protection Act 2018 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_Protection_Act_2018 |
| [53] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-56 |
| [54] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-57 |
| European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2018 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Union_(Withdrawal)_Act_2018 |
| statutory instrument | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statutory_instrument_(UK) |
| [55] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-58 |
| [50] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-:6-53 |
| [49] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-:5-52 |
| withdrawal agreement | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brexit_withdrawal_agreement |
| [49] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-:5-52 |
| [50] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-:6-53 |
| [56] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-59 |
| Data (Use and Access) Act 2025 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_(Use_and_Access)_Act_2025 |
| [57] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-60 |
| [58] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-61 |
| Information Commissioner's Office | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_Commissioner%27s_Office |
| children's code of practice | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Children%27s_Code |
| like | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Like_button |
| social media addiction | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_media_addiction |
| [59] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-62 |
| [60] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-63 |
| Secretary of State for Digital, Culture, Media and Sport | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Digital,_Culture,_Media_and_Sport |
| Oliver Dowden | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oliver_Dowden |
| [61] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-64 |
| edit | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=General_Data_Protection_Regulation&action=edit§ion=22 |
| [62] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-ico-myth-65 |
| [63] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-wslaw-myth-66 |
| [64] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-ff-myth-67 |
| [65] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-68 |
| edit | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=General_Data_Protection_Regulation&action=edit§ion=23 |
| [66] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-69 |
| [67] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-70 |
| [68] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-Babel,_7/11/2017_High_Cost_of_GDPR-71 |
| Baker & McKenzie | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baker_%26_McKenzie |
| [69] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-72 |
| [70] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-73 |
| startup companies | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Startup_companies |
| Facebook | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Facebook |
| Google | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google |
| [71] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-74 |
| [72] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-75 |
| [73] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-76 |
| [74] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-77 |
| [75] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-78 |
| pseudonymisation | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudonymization |
| [33] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-looking-to-34 |
| [76] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-79 |
| [77] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-80 |
| blockchain | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blockchain |
| [78] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-81 |
| right to explanation | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Right_to_explanation |
| [79] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-82 |
| [80] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-83 |
| [81] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-84 |
| [82] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-:3-85 |
| [83] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-86 |
| [84] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-87 |
| Mark Zuckerberg | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Zuckerberg |
| Internet | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet |
| [85] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-88 |
| [86] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-89 |
| The European Consumer Organisation | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_European_Consumer_Organisation |
| [87] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-90 |
| Edward Snowden | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Snowden |
| [88] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-91 |
| Richard Stallman | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Stallman |
| [89] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-92 |
| edit | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=General_Data_Protection_Regulation&action=edit§ion=24 |
| [90] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-93 |
| Phishing | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phishing |
| [91] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-94 |
| [14] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-guardian-unneeded-14 |
| [92] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-95 |
| [93] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-96 |
| memes | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_meme |
| Ouija | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ouija |
| Star Wars opening crawl | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Star_Wars_opening_crawl |
| Santa Claus | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santa_Claus |
| BBC Radio 4 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BBC_Radio_4 |
| Shipping Forecast | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shipping_Forecast |
| [94] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-97 |
| [95] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-98 |
| [96] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-99 |
| [97] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-100 |
| [98] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-101 |
| excessive citations | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#Bundling_citations |
| [99] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-102 |
| coordinated vulnerability disclosure processes | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application_security#Coordinated_vulnerability_disclosure |
| [100] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-103 |
| [101] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-104 |
| [102] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-105 |
| [103] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-106 |
| Norwegian Consumer Council | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norwegian_Consumer_Council |
| Google dashboard | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Dashboard |
| [104] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-107 |
| Instapaper | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instapaper |
| [105] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-108 |
| [106] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-109 |
| Tubi | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tubi |
| [107] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-110 |
| Tribune Publishing | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tribune_Publishing |
| Chicago Tribune | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chicago_Tribune |
| Los Angeles Times | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times |
| NPR | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NPR |
| USA Today | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USA_Today |
| [108] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-111 |
| [109] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-112 |
| [110] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-113 |
| [111] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-114 |
| Klout | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klout |
| [112] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-115 |
| [113] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-116 |
| [114] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-117 |
| behavioural advertising | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Behavioural_advertising |
| [115] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-118 |
| [116] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-119 |
| [117] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-:9-120 |
| [118] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-121 |
| [117] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-:9-120 |
| edit | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=General_Data_Protection_Regulation&action=edit§ion=25 |
| GDPR fines and notices | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GDPR_fines_and_notices |
| WhatsApp | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WhatsApp |
| Instagram | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instagram |
| Google LLC | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_LLC |
| Android | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_(operating_system) |
| Max Schrems | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Max_Schrems |
| NOYB | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NOYB_%E2%80%93_European_Center_for_Digital_Rights |
| data processing | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_processing |
| [119] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-122 |
| [120] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-123 |
| [121] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-124 |
| [122] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-125 |
| [123] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-126 |
| excessive citations | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#Bundling_citations |
| [124] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-127 |
| [125] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-128 |
| Liviu Dragnea | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liviu_Dragnea |
| RISE Project | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RISE_Project |
| [126] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-techdirt-129 |
| [127] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-130 |
| Information Commissioner's Office | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_Commissioner%27s_Office |
| British Airways | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Airways |
| web skimming | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_skimming |
| [128] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-131 |
| [129] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-132 |
| [130] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-133 |
| [131] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-134 |
| [132] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-135 |
| [133] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-136 |
| tax havens | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tax_haven |
| big tech | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_tech |
| [134] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-137 |
| [135] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-:2-138 |
| [135] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-:2-138 |
| [136] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-139 |
| [137] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-:7-140 |
| [138] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-141 |
| [137] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-:7-140 |
| consent | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consent |
| [139] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-142 |
| [140] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-:8-143 |
| Big Tech | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_Tech |
| Google | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google |
| Amazon | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon_(company) |
| Facebook | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Facebook |
| Apple | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple_Inc. |
| Microsoft | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft |
| dark patterns | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark_pattern |
| [140] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-:8-143 |
| [141] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-144 |
| [142] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-145 |
| [143] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-146 |
| [144] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-147 |
| [145] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-148 |
| edit | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=General_Data_Protection_Regulation&action=edit§ion=26 |
| Brussels effect | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brussels_effect |
| [146] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-149 |
| California | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California |
| California Consumer Privacy Act | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California_Consumer_Privacy_Act |
| [147] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-150 |
| [148] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-151 |
| [149] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-152 |
| Virginia | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virginia |
| [150] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-153 |
| Colorado | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colorado |
| [151] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-154 |
| Republic of Turkey | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkey |
| candidate for European Union membership | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potential_enlargement_of_the_European_Union#Turkey |
| EU acquis | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EU_acquis |
| [152] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-155 |
| Personal Information Protection Law | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_Information_Protection_Law_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China |
| [153] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-:Zhang-156 |
| [154] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-157 |
| Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organisation_of_Eastern_Caribbean_States |
| [155] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-158 |
| CLOUD Act | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CLOUD_Act |
| European Data Protection Supervisor | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Data_Protection_Supervisor |
| [156] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-159 |
| [157] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-:02-160 |
| [158] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-161 |
| edit | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=General_Data_Protection_Regulation&action=edit§ion=27 |
| [159] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-162 |
| edit | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=General_Data_Protection_Regulation&action=edit§ion=28 |
| [11] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-52012AE1303-11 |
| European Parliament Committee on Civil Liberties, Justice and Home Affairs | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Parliament_Committee_on_Civil_Liberties,_Justice_and_Home_Affairs |
| European Parliament | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Parliament |
| Council | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Council_of_the_European_Union |
| Commission | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Commission |
| Formal Trilogue meeting | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formal_Trilogue_meeting |
| [160] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-163 |
| [161] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-164 |
| [162] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-165 |
| [163] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-166 |
| publication | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Government_gazette |
| Official Journal of the European Union | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Official_Journal_of_the_European_Union |
| [16] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-eujournalpublication-16 |
| [164] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-167 |
| [16] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-eujournalpublication-16 |
| EEA countries | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Economic_Area |
| Iceland | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iceland |
| Liechtenstein | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liechtenstein |
| Norway | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norway |
| [165] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-168 |
| EEA Joint Committee | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EEA_Joint_Committee |
| [166] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-169 |
| edit | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=General_Data_Protection_Regulation&action=edit§ion=29 |
| Digital Single Market | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_Single_Market |
| digital economy | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_economy |
| [167] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-170 |
| NIS Directive | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NIS_Directive |
| ePrivacy Regulation | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EPrivacy_Regulation_(European_Union) |
| [168] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-171 |
| eIDAS | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EIDAS |
| [169] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-172 |
| edit | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=General_Data_Protection_Regulation&action=edit§ion=30 |
| European Union portal | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:European_Union |
| https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Balance,_by_David.svg |
| Law portal | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Law |
| General Personal Data Protection Law | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Personal_Data_Protection_Law |
| California Consumer Privacy Act | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California_Consumer_Privacy_Act |
| Children's Online Privacy Protection Act | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Children%27s_Online_Privacy_Protection_Act |
| Personal Information Protection Law | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_Information_Protection_Law_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China |
| Personal Data Protection Act 2012 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_Data_Protection_Act_2012 |
| Protection of Personal Information Act | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protection_of_Personal_Information_Act,_2013 |
| Personal Data Protection Act, No. 9 of 2022 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_Data_Protection_Act,_No._9_of_2022 |
| Cyber Security and Resilience Bill | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyber_Security_and_Resilience_Bill |
| Data Act | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_Act_(European_Union) |
| Data Governance Act | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_Governance_Act |
| Digital Markets Act | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_Markets_Act |
| Digital Services Act | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_Services_Act |
| EU–US Privacy Shield | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EU%E2%80%93US_Privacy_Shield |
| European Data Protection Board | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Data_Protection_Board |
| European Health Data Space | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Health_Data_Space |
| Privacy and Electronic Communications Directive 2002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Privacy_and_Electronic_Communications_Directive_2002 |
| Right to be forgotten | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Right_to_be_forgotten |
| Transparency and targeting of political advertising | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transparency_and_targeting_of_political_advertising |
| Budapest Convention on Cybercrime | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Budapest_Convention_on_Cybercrime |
| Data portability | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_portability |
| Do Not Track legislation | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Do_Not_Track_legislation |
| ePrivacy Regulation | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EPrivacy_Regulation |
| Privacy Impact Assessment | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Privacy_Impact_Assessment |
| Consent or pay | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consent_or_pay |
| edit | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=General_Data_Protection_Regulation&action=edit§ion=31 |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-28 |
| Advocate General | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advocate_general_(European_Union) |
| [27] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-27 |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-35 |
| [1] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-32016R0679-1 |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-48 |
| [1] | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_note-32016R0679-1 |
| edit | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=General_Data_Protection_Regulation&action=edit§ion=32 |
| a | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-32016R0679_1-0 |
| b | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-32016R0679_1-1 |
| c | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-32016R0679_1-2 |
| d | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-32016R0679_1-3 |
| e | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-32016R0679_1-4 |
| f | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-32016R0679_1-5 |
| g | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-32016R0679_1-6 |
| h | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-32016R0679_1-7 |
| i | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-32016R0679_1-8 |
| j | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-32016R0679_1-9 |
| k | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-32016R0679_1-10 |
| l | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-32016R0679_1-11 |
| m | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-32016R0679_1-12 |
| n | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-32016R0679_1-13 |
| o | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-32016R0679_1-14 |
| p | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-32016R0679_1-15 |
| q | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-32016R0679_1-16 |
| r | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-32016R0679_1-17 |
| s | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-32016R0679_1-18 |
| t | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-32016R0679_1-19 |
| u | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-32016R0679_1-20 |
| v | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-32016R0679_1-21 |
| w | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-32016R0679_1-22 |
| x | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-32016R0679_1-23 |
| Regulation (EU) 2016/679 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 April 2016 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data, and repealing Directive 95/46/EC (General Data Protection Regulation) | https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:02016R0679-20160504 |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-2 |
| "Presidency of the Council: 'Compromise text. Several partial general approaches have been instrumental in converging views in Council on the proposal for a General Data Protection Regulation in its entirety. The text on the Regulation which the Presidency submits for approval as a General Approach appears in annex,' 201 pages, 11 June 2015, PDF" | http://data.consilium.europa.eu/doc/document/ST-9565-2015-INIT/en/pdf |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20151225181657/http://data.consilium.europa.eu/doc/document/ST-9565-2015-INIT/en/pdf |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-3 |
| "What is the LGPD? Brazil's version of the GDPR" | https://gdpr.eu/gdpr-vs-lgpd/ |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-4 |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-UKGD_1_5-0 |
| "The UK GDPR" | https://ico.org.uk/for-organisations/data-protection-and-the-eu/data-protection-and-the-eu-in-detail/the-uk-gdpr |
| Information Commissioner's Office | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_Commissioner%27s_Office |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-6 |
| "GDPR vs CCPA: What are the main differences?" | https://web.archive.org/web/20200712060310/https://advisera.com/eugdpracademy/blog/2020/04/13/gdpr-vs-ccpa-what-are-the-main-differences/ |
| the original | https://advisera.com/eugdpracademy/blog/2020/04/13/gdpr-vs-ccpa-what-are-the-main-differences/ |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-7 |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-8 |
| "What is personal data?" | https://web.archive.org/web/20190724112940/https://ico.org.uk/for-organisations/guide-to-data-protection/guide-to-the-general-data-protection-regulation-gdpr/key-definitions/what-is-personal-data/ |
| the original | https://ico.org.uk/for-organisations/guide-to-data-protection/guide-to-the-general-data-protection-regulation-gdpr/key-definitions/what-is-personal-data/ |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-9 |
| Directive (EU) 2016/680 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 April 2016 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data by competent authorities for the purposes of the prevention, investigation, detection or prosecution of criminal offences or the execution of criminal penalties, and on the free movement of such data, and repealing Council Framework Decision 2008/977/JHA | https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32016L0680 |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-10 |
| a | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-52012AE1303_11-0 |
| b | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-52012AE1303_11-1 |
| Procedure 2012/0011/COD | https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/HIS/?uri=CELEX:52012AE1303 |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-12 |
| "Age of consent in the GDPR: updated mapping" | https://web.archive.org/web/20180527023437/https://iapp.org/resources/article/age-of-consent-in-the-gdpr-updated-mapping/ |
| the original | https://iapp.org/resources/article/age-of-consent-in-the-gdpr-updated-mapping/ |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-privacy_association_13-0 |
| "How the Proposed EU Data Protection Regulation Is Creating a Ripple Effect Worldwide" | https://web.archive.org/web/20210217012511/https://iapp.org/media/presentations/A12_EU_DP_Regulation_PPT.pdf |
| the original | https://iapp.org/media/presentations/A12_EU_DP_Regulation_PPT.pdf |
| a | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-guardian-unneeded_14-0 |
| b | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-guardian-unneeded_14-1 |
| "Most GDPR emails unnecessary and some illegal, say experts" | https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2018/may/21/gdpr-emails-mostly-unnecessary-and-in-some-cases-illegal-say-experts |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20180528054755/https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2018/may/21/gdpr-emails-mostly-unnecessary-and-in-some-cases-illegal-say-experts |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-15 |
| "Your Data Is My Data: A Framework for Addressing Interdependent Privacy Infringements" | https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0743915619858924 |
| doi | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doi_(identifier) |
| 10.1177/0743915619858924 | https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0743915619858924 |
| ISSN | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_(identifier) |
| 0743-9156 | https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0743-9156 |
| S2CID | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S2CID_(identifier) |
| 201343307 | https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:201343307 |
| a | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-eujournalpublication_16-0 |
| b | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-eujournalpublication_16-1 |
| c | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-eujournalpublication_16-2 |
| "Official Journal L 119/2016" | http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=OJ:L:2016:119:FULL |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20181122011911/https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=OJ:L:2016:119:FULL |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-17 |
| "Guidelines on the right to data portability under Regulation 2016/679" | https://web.archive.org/web/20170629062729/http://ec.europa.eu/newsroom/document.cfm?doc_id=44099 |
| the original | http://ec.europa.eu/newsroom/document.cfm?doc_id=44099 |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-18 |
| "When data protection by design and data subject rights clash" | https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fidpl%2Fipy002 |
| doi | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doi_(identifier) |
| 10.1093/idpl/ipy002 | https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fidpl%2Fipy002 |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-19 |
| arXiv | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ArXiv_(identifier) |
| 2511.07307 | https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.07307 |
| doi | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doi_(identifier) |
| 10.1016/j.clsr.2015.12.013 | https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.clsr.2015.12.013 |
| ISSN | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_(identifier) |
| 0267-3649 | https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0267-3649 |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-1_Essex_Court_20-0 |
| Baldry, Tony | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tony_Baldry |
| "The Right to Be Forgotten" | http://1essexcourt.wordpress.com/2014/05/15/the-right-to-be-forgotten/ |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20171019005028/https://1essexcourt.wordpress.com/2014/05/15/the-right-to-be-forgotten/ |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-21 |
| P7_TA(2014)0212 Protection of individuals with regard to the processing of personal data ***I European Parliament legislative resolution of 12 March 2014 on the proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council on the protection of individuals with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data (General Data Protection Regulation) (COM(2012)0011 — C7-0025/2012 — 2012/0011(COD)) P7_TC1-COD(2012)0011 Position of the European Parliament adopted at first reading on 12 March 2014 with a view to the adoption of Regulation (EU) No …/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council on the protection of individuals with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data (General Data Protection Regulation) | https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:52014AP0212 |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-22 |
| "Practical Data Privacy | Books by Thoughtworkers" | https://www.thoughtworks.com/insights/books/practical-data-privacy |
| a | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-:1_23-0 |
| b | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-:1_23-1 |
| "Right to object" | https://web.archive.org/web/20191202163129/https://ico.org.uk/for-organisations/guide-to-data-protection/guide-to-the-general-data-protection-regulation-gdpr/individual-rights/right-to-object/ |
| the original | https://ico.org.uk/for-organisations/guide-to-data-protection/guide-to-the-general-data-protection-regulation-gdpr/individual-rights/right-to-object/ |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-24 |
| "Using privacy laws to regulate automated decision making" | https://www.barrysookman.com/2021/04/30/using-privacy-laws-to-regulate-automated-decision-making/ |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20210524193137/https://www.barrysookman.com/2021/04/30/using-privacy-laws-to-regulate-automated-decision-making/ |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-25 |
| Judgment of the Court (Third Chamber) of 4 May 2023. UI v Österreichische Post AG. Request for a preliminary ruling from the Oberster Gerichtshof. Case C-300/21 | https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:62021CJ0300 |
| ECLI:EU:C:2023:370 | https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/ALL/?uri=ecli:ECLI:EU:C:2023:370 |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-26 |
| Österreichische Post (C-300/21), sub 54. | https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:62021CJ0300 |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-27 |
| Opinion of Advocate General Campos Sánchez-Bordona delivered on 25 May 2023. ZQ v Medizinischer Dienst der Krankenversicherung Nordrhein, Körperschaft des öffentlichen Rechts. Case C‑667/21 | https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:62021CC0667 |
| ECLI:EU:C:2023:433 | https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/ALL/?uri=ecli:ECLI:EU:C:2023:433 |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-29 |
| Bird & Bird Guide to the General Data Protection Regulation | https://iapp.org/media/pdf/resource_center/bird_and_bird_gdpr_guide_may_2020.pdf |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-30 |
| "Website maintenance" | https://web.archive.org/web/20180523101041/https://ico.org.uk/for-organisations/guide-to-data-protection/privacy-notices-transparency-and-control/privacy-notices-under-the-eu-general-data-protection-regulation/ |
| the original | https://ico.org.uk/for-organisations/guide-to-data-protection/privacy-notices-transparency-and-control/privacy-notices-under-the-eu-general-data-protection-regulation/ |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-31 |
| "What information must be given to individuals whose data is collected?" | https://web.archive.org/web/20180523102419/https://ec.europa.eu/info/law/law-topic/data-protection/reform/rules-business-and-organisations/principles-gdpr/what-information-must-be-given-individuals-whose-data-collected_en |
| the original | https://ec.europa.eu/info/law/law-topic/data-protection/reform/rules-business-and-organisations/principles-gdpr/what-information-must-be-given-individuals-whose-data-collected_en |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-32 |
| "Privacy and Data Protection by Design — ENISA" | https://web.archive.org/web/20170405171636/https://www.enisa.europa.eu/publications/privacy-and-data-protection-by-design |
| the original | https://www.enisa.europa.eu/publications/privacy-and-data-protection-by-design |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-33 |
| "Data science under GDPR with pseudonymization in the data pipeline" | https://web.archive.org/web/20180418230748/https://www.dativa.com/data-science-gdpr-pseudonymization-data-pipeline/ |
| the original | https://www.dativa.com/data-science-gdpr-pseudonymization-data-pipeline/ |
| a | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-looking-to_34-0 |
| b | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-looking-to_34-1 |
| "Looking to comply with GDPR? Here's a primer on anonymization and pseudonymization" | https://iapp.org/news/a/looking-to-comply-with-gdpr-heres-a-primer-on-anonymization-and-pseudonymization/ |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20180219150511/https://iapp.org/news/a/looking-to-comply-with-gdpr-heres-a-primer-on-anonymization-and-pseudonymization/ |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-36 |
| "Secure personal data | European Data Protection Board" | https://www.edpb.europa.eu/sme-data-protection-guide/secure-personal-data_en |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-37 |
| "Data protection by design and default" | https://ico.org.uk/for-organisations/uk-gdpr-guidance-and-resources/accountability-and-governance/guide-to-accountability-and-governance/accountability-and-governance/data-protection-by-design-and-default/ |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-38 |
| "What if somebody withdraws their consent? - European Commission" | https://commission.europa.eu/law/law-topic/data-protection/rules-business-and-organisations/legal-grounds-processing-data/grounds-processing/what-if-somebody-withdraws-their-consent_en |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-39 |
| "Explaining GDPR Data Subject Requests - TrueVault" | https://web.archive.org/web/20190220063113/https://www.truevault.com/learn/explaining-gdpr-data-subject-requests |
| the original | https://www.truevault.com/learn/explaining-gdpr-data-subject-requests |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-40 |
| "Guidelines on Data Protection Officers ('DPOs')" | https://web.archive.org/web/20170629063312/http://ec.europa.eu/newsroom/document.cfm?doc_id=44100 |
| the original | http://ec.europa.eu/newsroom/document.cfm?doc_id=44100 |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-41 |
| "reach of the GDPR: What is at stake?" | https://www.lexology.com/library/detail.aspx?g=b3db89a5-ac63-4fcb-9d71-b08c00a609e3 |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20180526041216/https://www.lexology.com/library/detail.aspx?g=b3db89a5-ac63-4fcb-9d71-b08c00a609e3 |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-42 |
| "EDPB Document on the procedure for the adoption of the EDPB opinions regarding national criteria for certification and European Data Protection Seals | European Data Protection Board" | https://www.edpb.europa.eu/our-work-tools/our-documents/procedure/edpb-document-procedure-adoption-edpb-opinions-regarding_en |
| a | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-:0_43-0 |
| b | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-:0_43-1 |
| "Art. 42 GDPR – Certification" | https://gdpr-info.eu/art-42-gdpr/ |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-44 |
| "Europrivacy: the first certification mechanism to ensure compliance with GDPR | Shaping Europe's digital future" | https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/news/europrivacy-first-certification-mechanism-ensure-compliance-gdpr |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-45 |
| "EDPB document on the procedure for the approval of certification criteria by the EDPB resulting in a common certification, the European Data Protection Seal | European Data Protection Board" | https://www.edpb.europa.eu/our-work-tools/our-documents/procedure/edpb-document-procedure-approval-certification-criteria-edpb_en |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-46 |
| "Europrivacy | European Data Protection Board" | https://www.edpb.europa.eu/our-work-tools/accountability-tools/certification-mechanisms-seals-and-marks/europrivacy_en |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-47 |
| "Exemptions" | https://ico.org.uk/for-organisations/guide-to-data-protection/guide-to-the-general-data-protection-regulation-gdpr/exemptions/ |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20201111192123/https://ico.org.uk/for-organisations/guide-to-data-protection/guide-to-the-general-data-protection-regulation-gdpr/exemptions/ |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-wehlander-2016_49-0 |
| ""Economic Activity": Criteria and Relevance in the Fields of EU Internal Market Law, Competition Law and Procurement Law" | https://www.springer.com/cda/content/document/cda_downloaddocument/9789462651166-c2.pdf |
| doi | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doi_(identifier) |
| 10.1007/978-94-6265-117-3_2 | https://doi.org/10.1007%2F978-94-6265-117-3_2 |
| ISBN | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN_(identifier) |
| 978-94-6265-116-6 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-94-6265-116-6 |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20180526041503/https://www.springer.com/cda/content/document/cda_downloaddocument/9789462651166-c2.pdf |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-50 |
| "The (Extra) Territorial Scope of the GDPR: The Right to Be Forgotten" | https://web.archive.org/web/20200221171716/https://www.fasken.com/en/knowledge/2019/11/the-extra-territorial-scope-of-the-gdpr/ |
| the original | https://www.fasken.com/en/knowledge/2019/11/the-extra-territorial-scope-of-the-gdpr/ |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-51 |
| "Extraterritorial Scope of GDPR: Do Businesses Outside the EU Need to Comply?" | https://web.archive.org/web/20200221171715/https://www.americanbar.org/groups/business_law/publications/blt/2018/04/01_speirs/ |
| the original | https://www.americanbar.org/groups/business_law/publications/blt/2018/04/01_speirs/ |
| a | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-:5_52-0 |
| b | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-:5_52-1 |
| c | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-:5_52-2 |
| d | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-:5_52-3 |
| "UK: Understanding the full impact of Brexit on UK: EU data flows" | https://blogs.dlapiper.com/privacymatters/uk-gdpr-brexit-flowchart/ |
| DLA Piper | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DLA_Piper |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20200220164635/https://blogs.dlapiper.com/privacymatters/uk-gdpr-brexit-flowchart/ |
| a | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-:6_53-0 |
| b | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-:6_53-1 |
| c | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-:6_53-2 |
| "On data protection, the UK says it will go it alone. It probably won't" | https://www.zdnet.com/article/on-data-protection-the-uk-says-it-will-go-it-alone-it-probably-wont/ |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20200216175628/https://www.zdnet.com/article/on-data-protection-the-uk-says-it-will-go-it-alone-it-probably-wont/ |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-54 |
| "How to transfer data to a 'third country' under the GDPR" | https://www.itgovernance.eu/blog/en/how-to-transfer-data-to-a-third-country-under-the-gdpr |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20200221171715/https://www.itgovernance.eu/blog/en/how-to-transfer-data-to-a-third-country-under-the-gdpr |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-55 |
| "Digital Rights post-Brexit" | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=efz4utnzjjI |
| Open Rights Group | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Rights_Group |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20221122202536/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=efz4utnzjjI&gl=US&hl=en |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-56 |
| "New Data Protection Act finalised in the UK" | https://web.archive.org/web/20180525120311/https://www.out-law.com/en/articles/2018/may/new-data-protection-act-finalised-uk/ |
| the original | https://www.out-law.com/en/articles/2018/may/new-data-protection-act-finalised-uk/ |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-57 |
| "New UK Data Protection Act not welcomed by all" | https://www.computerweekly.com/news/252441814/New-UK-Data-Protection-Act-not-welcomed-by-all |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20180524143548/https://www.computerweekly.com/news/252441814/New-UK-Data-Protection-Act-not-welcomed-by-all |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-58 |
| "Google shifts authority over UK user data to the US in wake of Brexit" | https://www.theverge.com/2020/2/20/21145180/google-uk-user-data-processing-ireland-usa-authorities-data-protection-gdpr-cloud-act |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20200220164636/https://www.theverge.com/2020/2/20/21145180/google-uk-user-data-processing-ireland-usa-authorities-data-protection-gdpr-cloud-act |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-59 |
| "UK data protection 'adequacy' gets EU governments' sign-off" | https://www.pinsentmasons.com/out-law/news/uk-data-protection-adequacy-gets-eu-governments-sign-off |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-60 |
| "EU–UK adequacy decisions approved by the EDPB: EDPB calls for effective monitoring" | https://www.womblebonddickinson.com/uk/insights/articles-and-briefings/eu-uk-adequacy-decisions-approved-edpb-edpb-calls-effective |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-61 |
| "Commission renews decisions to allow for the free and safe flow of personal data with the UK" | https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/ip_25_3059 |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-62 |
| "Under-18s face 'like' and 'streaks' limits" | https://web.archive.org/web/20190415172531/https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-47933521 |
| the original | https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-47933521 |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-63 |
| "Facebook urged to disable 'like' feature for child users" | https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2019/apr/15/facebook-urged-to-ditch-like-feature-in-uk-online-child-safety-drive |
| ISSN | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_(identifier) |
| 0261-3077 | https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0261-3077 |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20190415085023/https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2019/apr/15/facebook-urged-to-ditch-like-feature-in-uk-online-child-safety-drive |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-64 |
| "UK seeks divergence from GDPR to 'fuel growth'" | https://www.itpro.co.uk/policy-legislation/data-protection/358874/uk-seeks-divergence-from-gdpr-to-fuel-growth |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20210313063042/https://www.itpro.co.uk/policy-legislation/data-protection/358874/uk-seeks-divergence-from-gdpr-to-fuel-growth |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-ico-myth_65-0 |
| "Data sharing myths busted" | https://ico.org.uk/for-organisations/uk-gdpr-guidance-and-resources/data-sharing/data-sharing-myths-busted/ |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-wslaw-myth_66-0 |
| "Top nine GDPR myths busted" | https://wslaw.co.uk/insight/top-nine-gdpr-myths-busted/ |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-ff-myth_67-0 |
| "Five GDPR myth-busters" | https://www.fieldfisher.com/en/services/privacy-security-and-information/privacy-security-and-information-law-blog/five-gdpr-myth-busters-2023 |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-68 |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-69 |
| "A new era for privacy - GDPR six months on" | https://www2.deloitte.com/content/dam/Deloitte/uk/Documents/risk/deloitte-uk-risk-gdpr-six-months-on.pdf |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20201012110809/https://www2.deloitte.com/content/dam/Deloitte/uk/Documents/risk/deloitte-uk-risk-gdpr-six-months-on.pdf |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-70 |
| "How Smart Businesses Can Avoid GDPR Penalties When Recording Calls" | https://web.archive.org/web/20180414011044/https://www.xewave.io/how-smart-businesses-can-avoid-gdpr-penalties-when-recording-calls/ |
| the original | https://www.xewave.io/how-smart-businesses-can-avoid-gdpr-penalties-when-recording-calls/ |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-Babel,_7/11/2017_High_Cost_of_GDPR_71-0 |
| "The High Costs of GDPR Compliance" | https://www.darkreading.com/endpoint/the-high-costs-of-gdpr-compliance/a/d-id/1329263 |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20171005051046/https://www.darkreading.com/endpoint/the-high-costs-of-gdpr-compliance/a/d-id/1329263 |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-72 |
| "Preparing for New Privacy Regimes: Privacy Professionals' Views on the General Data Protection Regulation and Privacy Shield" | http://f.datasrvr.com/fr1/416/76165/IAPP_GDPR_and_Privacy_Shield_Survey_Report.pdf |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20180831164743/http://f.datasrvr.com/fr1/416/76165/IAPP_GDPR_and_Privacy_Shield_Survey_Report.pdf |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-73 |
| "GDPR Compliance Cost Calculator" | https://www.gigacalculator.com/calculators/gdpr-compliance-cost-calculator.php |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20180516224335/https://www.gigacalculator.com/calculators/gdpr-compliance-cost-calculator.php |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-74 |
| "How Europe's 'breakthrough' privacy law takes on Facebook and Google" | https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2018/apr/19/gdpr-facebook-google-amazon-data-privacy-regulation |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20180526112914/https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2018/apr/19/gdpr-facebook-google-amazon-data-privacy-regulation |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-75 |
| "Europe's new privacy rules are no silver bullet" | https://web.archive.org/web/20180526041653/https://www.politico.eu/article/gdpr-rules-europe-facebook-data-protection-privacy-general-data-protection-regulation-cambridge-analytica/ |
| the original | https://www.politico.eu/article/gdpr-rules-europe-facebook-data-protection-privacy-general-data-protection-regulation-cambridge-analytica/ |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-76 |
| "Lack of GDPR knowledge is a danger and an opportunity" | https://web.archive.org/web/20180526041200/https://www.computerweekly.com/microscope/news/2240234469/Lack-of-GDPR-knowledge-is-a-danger-and-an-opportunity |
| the original | https://www.computerweekly.com/microscope/news/2240234469/Lack-of-GDPR-knowledge-is-a-danger-and-an-opportunity |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-77 |
| "No one's ready for GDPR" | https://www.theverge.com/2018/5/22/17378688/gdpr-general-data-protection-regulation-eu |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20180528022510/https://www.theverge.com/2018/5/22/17378688/gdpr-general-data-protection-regulation-eu |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-78 |
| "New rules on data protection pose compliance issues for firms" | https://www.irishtimes.com/business/technology/new-rules-on-data-protection-pose-compliance-issues-for-firms-1.3397742 |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20180526041717/https://www.irishtimes.com/business/technology/new-rules-on-data-protection-pose-compliance-issues-for-firms-1.3397742 |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-79 |
| "The impact of the EU general data protection regulation on scientific research" | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5243137 |
| doi | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doi_(identifier) |
| 10.3332/ecancer.2017.709 | https://doi.org/10.3332%2Fecancer.2017.709 |
| ISSN | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_(identifier) |
| 1754-6605 | https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1754-6605 |
| PMC | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PMC_(identifier) |
| 5243137 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5243137 |
| PMID | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PMID_(identifier) |
| 28144283 | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28144283 |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-80 |
| "Pseudonymisation of Personal Data According to the General Data Protection Regulation" | https://www.edilex.fi/viestintaoikeus/18073 |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20180219150702/https://www.edilex.fi/viestintaoikeus/18073 |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-81 |
| "A recent report issued by the Blockchain Association of Ireland has found there are many more questions than answers when it comes to GDPR" | https://www.siliconrepublic.com/enterprise/blockchain-gdpr-report-bai |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20180305202537/https://www.siliconrepublic.com/enterprise/blockchain-gdpr-report-bai |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-82 |
| "AI watchdog needed to regulate automated decision-making, say experts" | https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2017/jan/27/ai-artificial-intelligence-watchdog-needed-to-prevent-discriminatory-automated-decisions |
| ISSN | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_(identifier) |
| 0261-3077 | https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0261-3077 |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20170618031432/https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2017/jan/27/ai-artificial-intelligence-watchdog-needed-to-prevent-discriminatory-automated-decisions |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-83 |
| "EU's Right to Explanation: A Harmful Restriction on Artificial Intelligence" | https://web.archive.org/web/20170804005751/http://www.techzone360.com/topics/techzone/articles/2017/01/25/429101-eus-right-explanation-harmful-restriction-artificial-intelligence.htm |
| the original | http://www.techzone360.com/topics/techzone/articles/2017/01/25/429101-eus-right-explanation-harmful-restriction-artificial-intelligence.htm |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-84 |
| SSRN | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SSRN_(identifier) |
| 2903469 | https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2903469 |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-:3_85-0 |
| "Slave to the algorithm? Why a "right to an explanation" is probably not the remedy you are looking for" | https://ssrn.com/abstract=2972855 |
| doi | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doi_(identifier) |
| 10.2139/ssrn.2972855 | https://doi.org/10.2139%2Fssrn.2972855 |
| SSRN | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SSRN_(identifier) |
| 2972855 | https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2972855 |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-86 |
| "Five benefits GDPR compliance will bring to your business" | https://www.forbes.com/sites/forbestechcouncil/2018/03/29/five-benefits-gdpr-compliance-will-bring-to-your-business/#3c8e415f482f |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20180912054700/https://www.forbes.com/sites/forbestechcouncil/2018/03/29/five-benefits-gdpr-compliance-will-bring-to-your-business/#3c8e415f482f |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-87 |
| "Europe's tough new digital privacy law should be a model for US policymakers" | https://www.vox.com/the-big-idea/2018/3/26/17164022/gdpr-europe-privacy-rules-facebook-data-protection-eu-cambridge |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20180912054623/https://www.vox.com/the-big-idea/2018/3/26/17164022/gdpr-europe-privacy-rules-facebook-data-protection-eu-cambridge |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-88 |
| "What the GDPR means for Facebook, the EU and you" | https://www.cnet.com/how-to/what-gdpr-means-for-facebook-google-the-eu-us-and-you/ |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20180912091915/https://www.cnet.com/how-to/what-gdpr-means-for-facebook-google-the-eu-us-and-you/ |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-89 |
| "Zuckerberg says he wants strict European-style privacy laws — but some experts question his motives" | https://web.archive.org/web/20190404041806/https://www.cnbc.com/2019/04/01/facebook-ceo-zuckerbergs-call-for-gdpr-privacy-laws-raises-questions.html |
| the original | https://www.cnbc.com/2019/04/01/facebook-ceo-zuckerbergs-call-for-gdpr-privacy-laws-raises-questions.html |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-90 |
| "Europe's new privacy law will change the web, and more" | https://www.wired.com/story/europes-new-privacy-law-will-change-the-web-and-more/ |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20181015205629/https://www.wired.com/story/europes-new-privacy-law-will-change-the-web-and-more/ |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-91 |
| "Today, a new E.U. law transforms privacy rights for everyone. Without Edward Snowden, it might never have happened" | https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/monkey-cage/wp/2018/05/25/today-a-new-eu-law-transforms-privacy-rights-for-everyone-without-edward-snowden-it-might-never-have-happened/ |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20181011173700/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/monkey-cage/wp/2018/05/25/today-a-new-eu-law-transforms-privacy-rights-for-everyone-without-edward-snowden-it-might-never-have-happened/ |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-92 |
| "A radical proposal to keep your personal data safe" | https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2018/apr/03/facebook-abusing-data-law-privacy-big-tech-surveillance |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20180912091923/https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2018/apr/03/facebook-abusing-data-law-privacy-big-tech-surveillance |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-93 |
| "The European Union general data protection regulation: what it is and what it means" | https://doi.org/10.1080/13600834.2019.1573501 |
| arXiv | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ArXiv_(identifier) |
| 2510.02861 | https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.02861 |
| doi | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doi_(identifier) |
| 10.1080/13600834.2019.1573501 | https://doi.org/10.1080%2F13600834.2019.1573501 |
| hdl | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hdl_(identifier) |
| 2066/204503 | https://hdl.handle.net/2066%2F204503 |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-94 |
| "Scammers are using GDPR email alerts to conduct phishing attacks" | http://www.itpro.co.uk/general-data-protection-regulation-gdpr/31058/scammers-are-using-gdpr-email-alerts-to-conduct |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20180526041641/http://www.itpro.co.uk/general-data-protection-regulation-gdpr/31058/scammers-are-using-gdpr-email-alerts-to-conduct |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-95 |
| "EU gov't and public health sites are lousy with adtech, study finds" | https://techcrunch.com/2019/03/18/eu-govt-and-public-health-sites-lousy-with-adtech-study-finds/ |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20210410233414/https://techcrunch.com/2019/03/18/eu-govt-and-public-health-sites-lousy-with-adtech-study-finds/ |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-96 |
| "EU citizens being tracked on sensitive government websites" | https://www.ft.com/content/6dbacf74-471b-11e9-b168-96a37d002cd3 |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20190319130253/https://www.ft.com/content/6dbacf74-471b-11e9-b168-96a37d002cd3 |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-97 |
| "Fall asleep in seconds by listening to a soothing voice read the EU's new GDPR legislation" | https://www.theverge.com/2018/6/3/17413390/gdpr-legislation-asleep-in-seconds-listening-meditation-app-peter-jefferson |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20180617015346/https://www.theverge.com/2018/6/3/17413390/gdpr-legislation-asleep-in-seconds-listening-meditation-app-peter-jefferson |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-98 |
| "How Europe's GDPR Regulations Became a Meme" | https://www.wired.com/story/gdpr-memes/ |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20180618002541/https://www.wired.com/story/gdpr-memes/ |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-99 |
| "The Internet Created a GDPR-Inspired Meme Using Privacy Policies" | https://www.adweek.com/digital/the-internet-created-a-gdpr-inspired-meme-using-privacy-policies/ |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20180617221720/https://www.adweek.com/digital/the-internet-created-a-gdpr-inspired-meme-using-privacy-policies/ |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-100 |
| "Help, my lightbulbs are dead! How GDPR became bigger than Beyonce" | https://www.wired.co.uk/article/happy-gdpr-day-gdpr-hall-of-shame |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20180619193137/https://www.wired.co.uk/article/happy-gdpr-day-gdpr-hall-of-shame |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-101 |
| "Here Are Some of the Worst Attempts At Complying with GDPR" | https://www.vice.com/en/article/gdpr-compliance-companies-different-rules/ |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20180618002725/https://motherboard.vice.com/en_us/article/qvnv9x/gdpr-compliance-companies-different-rules |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-102 |
| "What Percentage of Your Software Vulnerabilities Have GDPR Implications?" | https://www.hackerone.com/sites/default/files/2018-01/GDPR%20Implications-ebook.pdf |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20180706162027/https://www.hackerone.com/sites/default/files/2018-01/GDPR%20Implications-ebook.pdf |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-103 |
| "The Data Protection Officer (DPO): Everything You Need to Know" | https://www.slideshare.net/hacker0x01/everything-you-need-to-know-about-the-data-protection-officer-role |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20180831165003/https://www.slideshare.net/hacker0x01/everything-you-need-to-know-about-the-data-protection-officer-role |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-104 |
| "What might bug bounty programs look like under the GDPR?" | https://iapp.org/news/a/what-might-bug-bounty-programs-look-like-under-the-gdpr/ |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20180706165037/https://iapp.org/news/a/what-might-bug-bounty-programs-look-like-under-the-gdpr/ |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-105 |
| "Did App Privacy Improve After the GDPR?" | http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-75508 |
| doi | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doi_(identifier) |
| 10.1109/MSEC.2019.2938445 | https://doi.org/10.1109%2FMSEC.2019.2938445 |
| ISSN | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_(identifier) |
| 1558-4046 | https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1558-4046 |
| S2CID | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S2CID_(identifier) |
| 203699369 | https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:203699369 |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-106 |
| "A Multilateral Privacy Impact Analysis Method for Android Apps" | https://zenodo.org/record/3248889 |
| doi | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doi_(identifier) |
| 10.1007/978-3-030-21752-5_7 | https://doi.org/10.1007%2F978-3-030-21752-5_7 |
| ISBN | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN_(identifier) |
| 978-3-030-21751-8 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-030-21751-8 |
| S2CID | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S2CID_(identifier) |
| 184483219 | https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:184483219 |
| archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20200712060716/https://zenodo.org/record/3248889 |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-107 |
| "Deceived by design - How tech companies use dark patterns to discourage us from exercising our rights to privacy" | https://fil.forbrukerradet.no/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/2018-06-27-deceived-by-design-final.pdf |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20191220000426/https://fil.forbrukerradet.no/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/2018-06-27-deceived-by-design-final.pdf |
| Wayback Machine | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wayback_Machine |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-108 |
| "Instapaper is temporarily shutting off access for European users due to GDPR" | https://www.theverge.com/2018/5/23/17387146/instapaper-gdpr-europe-access-shut-down-privacy-changes |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20180524013709/https://www.theverge.com/2018/5/23/17387146/instapaper-gdpr-europe-access-shut-down-privacy-changes |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-109 |
| "Unroll.me to close to EU users saying it can't comply with GDPR" | https://techcrunch.com/2018/05/05/unroll-me-to-close-to-eu-users-saying-it-cant-comply-with-gdpr/ |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20180530035124/https://techcrunch.com/2018/05/05/unroll-me-to-close-to-eu-users-saying-it-cant-comply-with-gdpr/ |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-110 |
| "How GDPR, ad fatigue and content costs are complicating the now-global streaming wars" | https://www.thedrum.com/news/how-gdpr-ad-fatigue-and-content-costs-are-complicating-the-now-global-streaming-war |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-111 |
| "Sites block users, shut down activities and flood inboxes as GDPR rules loom" | https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2018/may/24/sites-block-eu-users-before-gdpr-takes-effect |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20180524222426/https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2018/may/24/sites-block-eu-users-before-gdpr-takes-effect |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-112 |
| "Blocking 500 Million Users Is Easier Than Complying With Europe's New Rules" | https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-05-25/blocking-500-million-users-is-easier-than-complying-with-gdpr |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20180525235055/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-05-25/blocking-500-million-users-is-easier-than-complying-with-gdpr |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-113 |
| "U.S. News Outlets Block European Readers Over New Privacy Rules" | https://www.nytimes.com/2018/05/25/business/media/europe-privacy-gdpr-us.html |
| ISSN | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_(identifier) |
| 0362-4331 | https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331 |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20180526025851/https://www.nytimes.com/2018/05/25/business/media/europe-privacy-gdpr-us.html |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-114 |
| "Look: Here's what EU citizens see now that GDPR has landed" | http://adage.com/article/digital/eu-citizens-gdpr-day/313655/ |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20180525220203/http://adage.com/article/digital/eu-citizens-gdpr-day/313655/ |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-115 |
| "Why Your Inbox Is Crammed Full of Privacy Policies" | https://www.wired.com/story/how-a-new-era-of-privacy-took-over-your-email-inbox/ |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20180524214938/https://www.wired.com/story/how-a-new-era-of-privacy-took-over-your-email-inbox/ |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-116 |
| "Getting a Flood of G.D.P.R.-Related Privacy Policy Updates? Read Them" | https://www.nytimes.com/2018/05/23/technology/personaltech/what-you-should-look-for-europe-data-law.html |
| ISSN | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_(identifier) |
| 0362-4331 | https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331 |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20180524194430/https://www.nytimes.com/2018/05/23/technology/personaltech/what-you-should-look-for-europe-data-law.html |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-117 |
| "Blocking 500 Million Users Is Easier Than Complying With Europe's New Rules" | https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-05-25/blocking-500-million-users-is-easier-than-complying-with-gdpr |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20180525125509/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-05-25/blocking-500-million-users-is-easier-than-complying-with-gdpr |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-118 |
| "GDPR mayhem: Programmatic ad buying plummets in Europe" | https://digiday.com/media/gdpr-mayhem-programmatic-ad-buying-plummets-europe/ |
| Digiday | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digiday |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20180525213159/https://digiday.com/media/gdpr-mayhem-programmatic-ad-buying-plummets-europe/ |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-119 |
| ISBN | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN_(identifier) |
| 978-3-9824173-0-1 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-9824173-0-1 |
| OCLC | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OCLC_(identifier) |
| 1322186902 | https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1322186902 |
| a | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-:9_120-0 |
| b | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-:9_120-1 |
| "Press corner" | https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/home/en |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20201227193856/https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/home/en |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-121 |
| "Your rights matter: Data protection and privacy - Fundamental Rights Survey" | https://fra.europa.eu/en/publication/2020/fundamental-rights-survey-data-protection |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20200925141211/https://fra.europa.eu/en/publication/2020/fundamental-rights-survey-data-protection |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-122 |
| "GDPR: noyb.eu filed four complaints over 'forced consent' against Google, Instagram, WhatsApp and Facebook" | https://web.archive.org/web/20180525211528/https://noyb.eu/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/pa_forcedconsent_en.pdf |
| the original | https://noyb.eu/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/pa_forcedconsent_en.pdf |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-123 |
| "Facebook and Google hit with $8.8 billion in lawsuits on day one of GDPR" | https://www.theverge.com/2018/5/25/17393766/facebook-google-gdpr-lawsuit-max-schrems-europe |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20180525235251/https://www.theverge.com/2018/5/25/17393766/facebook-google-gdpr-lawsuit-max-schrems-europe |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-124 |
| "Max Schrems files first cases under GDPR against Facebook and Google" | https://www.irishtimes.com/business/technology/max-schrems-files-first-cases-under-gdpr-against-facebook-and-google-1.3508177 |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20180525201624/https://www.irishtimes.com/business/technology/max-schrems-files-first-cases-under-gdpr-against-facebook-and-google-1.3508177 |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-125 |
| "Facebook, Google face first GDPR complaints over 'forced consent'" | https://techcrunch.com/2018/05/25/facebook-google-face-first-gdpr-complaints-over-forced-consent/ |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20180526030448/https://techcrunch.com/2018/05/25/facebook-google-face-first-gdpr-complaints-over-forced-consent/ |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-126 |
| "Google, Facebook hit with serious GDPR complaints: Others will be soon" | https://www.zdnet.com/article/google-facebook-hit-with-serious-gdpr-complaints-others-will-be-soon/ |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20180528090334/https://www.zdnet.com/article/google-facebook-hit-with-serious-gdpr-complaints-others-will-be-soon/ |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-127 |
| "Google hit with £44m GDPR fine" | https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-46944696 |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20190121231240/https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-46944696 |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-128 |
| "Google fined €50 million for GDPR violation in France" | https://www.theverge.com/2019/1/21/18191591/google-gdpr-fine-50-million-euros-data-consent-cnil |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20190610191257/https://www.theverge.com/2019/1/21/18191591/google-gdpr-fine-50-million-euros-data-consent-cnil |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-techdirt_129-0 |
| "Yet Another GDPR Disaster: Journalists Ordered To Hand Over Secret Sources Under 'Data Protection' Law" | https://www.techdirt.com/articles/20181114/01491541047/yet-another-gdpr-disaster-journalists-ordered-to-hand-over-secret-sources-under-data-protection-law.shtml |
| Archived | https://archive.today/20181120174443/https://www.techdirt.com/articles/20181114/01491541047/yet-another-gdpr-disaster-journalists-ordered-to-hand-over-secret-sources-under-data-protection-law.shtml |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-130 |
| "English Translation of the Letter from the Romanian Data Protection Authority to RISE Project" | https://www.occrp.org/en/16-other/other-articles/8876-english-translation-of-the-letter-from-the-romanian-data-protection-authority-to-rise-project |
| Organized Crime and Corruption Reporting Project | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organized_Crime_and_Corruption_Reporting_Project |
| Archived | https://archive.today/20181109210657/https://www.occrp.org/en/16-other/other-articles/8876-english-translation-of-the-letter-from-the-romanian-data-protection-authority-to-rise-project |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-131 |
| "Intention to fine British Airways £183.39m under GDPR for data breach" | https://ico.org.uk/about-the-ico/news-and-events/news-and-blogs/2019/07/ico-announces-intention-to-fine-british-airways/ |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20201206171628/https://ico.org.uk/about-the-ico/news-and-events/news-and-blogs/2019/07/ico-announces-intention-to-fine-british-airways/ |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-132 |
| "British Airways breach caused by credit card skimming malware, researchers say" | https://techcrunch.com/2018/09/11/british-airways-breach-caused-by-credit-card-skimming-malware-researchers-say/ |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20181210063331/https://techcrunch.com/2018/09/11/british-airways-breach-caused-by-credit-card-skimming-malware-researchers-say/ |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-133 |
| "British Airways boss apologises for 'malicious' data breach" | https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-london-45440850?intlink_from_url=https://www.bbc.com/news/topics/c1xp19421ezt/cyber-crime&link_location=live-reporting-story |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20181015164522/https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-london-45440850?intlink_from_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Ftopics%2Fc1xp19421ezt%2Fcyber-crime&link_location=live-reporting-story |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-134 |
| "BA faces £183m fine over passenger data breach" | https://www.theguardian.com/business/2019/jul/08/ba-fine-customer-data-breach-british-airways |
| ISSN | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_(identifier) |
| 0261-3077 | https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0261-3077 |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20190708083104/https://www.theguardian.com/business/2019/jul/08/ba-fine-customer-data-breach-british-airways |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-135 |
| "British Airways faces record £183m fine for data breach" | https://www.bbc.com/news/business-48905907 |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20190708064601/https://www.bbc.com/news/business-48905907 |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-136 |
| "ICO fines British Airways £20m for data breach affecting more than 400,000 customers" | https://web.archive.org/web/20201016173648/https://ico.org.uk/about-the-ico/news-and-events/news-and-blogs/2020/10/ico-fines-british-airways-20m-for-data-breach-affecting-more-than-400-000-customers/ |
| the original | https://ico.org.uk/about-the-ico/news-and-events/news-and-blogs/2020/10/ico-fines-british-airways-20m-for-data-breach-affecting-more-than-400-000-customers/ |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-137 |
| "'We have a huge problem': European regulator despairs over lack of enforcement" | https://www.politico.eu/article/we-have-a-huge-problem-european-regulator-despairs-over-lack-of-enforcement/ |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20191228111507/https://www.politico.eu/article/we-have-a-huge-problem-european-regulator-despairs-over-lack-of-enforcement/ |
| a | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-:2_138-0 |
| b | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-:2_138-1 |
| "Europe-wide overhaul of GDPR monitoring triggered by ICCL" | https://web.archive.org/web/20230406075809/https://www.iccl.ie/digital-data/europe-wide-overhaul-of-gdpr-monitoring-triggered-by-iccl/ |
| the original | https://www.iccl.ie/digital-data/europe-wide-overhaul-of-gdpr-monitoring-triggered-by-iccl/ |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-139 |
| doi | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doi_(identifier) |
| 10.1145/3340764.3344913 | https://doi.org/10.1145%2F3340764.3344913 |
| ISBN | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN_(identifier) |
| 978-1-4503-7198-8 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4503-7198-8 |
| S2CID | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S2CID_(identifier) |
| 202159324 | https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:202159324 |
| a | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-:7_140-0 |
| b | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-:7_140-1 |
| "GDPR Reality Check–Claiming and Investigating Personally Identifiable Data from Companies" | https://eusec20.cs.uchicago.edu/eusec20-Alizadeh.pdf |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20200617145507/https://eusec20.cs.uchicago.edu/eusec20-Alizadeh.pdf |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-141 |
| "Understanding challenges of GDPR implementation in business enterprises: a systematic literature review" | https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJLMA-08-2023-0170/full/html |
| doi | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doi_(identifier) |
| 10.1108/IJLMA-08-2023-0170 | https://doi.org/10.1108%2FIJLMA-08-2023-0170 |
| ISSN | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_(identifier) |
| 1754-243X | https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1754-243X |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-142 |
| "DPO.VN – Chuyên gia bảo vệ dữ liệu cá nhân" | https://dpo.vn/ |
| a | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-:8_143-0 |
| b | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-:8_143-1 |
| "A Human-Centric Perspective on Digital Consenting: The Case of GAFAM" | https://epub.wu.ac.at/7523/1/HCIS2020_A%20Human-centric%20Perspective%20on%20Digital%20Consenting_The%20Case%20of%20GAFAM_Soheil%20Human_Florian%20Cech.pdf |
| doi | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doi_(identifier) |
| 10.1007/978-981-15-5784-2_12 | https://doi.org/10.1007%2F978-981-15-5784-2_12 |
| ISBN | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN_(identifier) |
| 978-981-15-5784-2 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-981-15-5784-2 |
| S2CID | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S2CID_(identifier) |
| 214699040 | https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:214699040 |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20210414233129/https://epub.wu.ac.at/7523/1/HCIS2020_A%20Human-centric%20Perspective%20on%20Digital%20Consenting_The%20Case%20of%20GAFAM_Soheil%20Human_Florian%20Cech.pdf |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-144 |
| "How Europe's Intelligence Services Aim to Avoid the EU's Highest Court—and What It Means for the United States" | https://www.lawfaremedia.org/article/how-europes-intelligence-services-aim-avoid-eus-highest-court-and-what-it-means-united-states |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20230923231948/https://www.lawfaremedia.org/article/how-europes-intelligence-services-aim-avoid-eus-highest-court-and-what-it-means-united-states |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-145 |
| "Fines for breaches of EU privacy law spike sevenfold to $1.2 billion, as Big Tech bears the brunt" | https://web.archive.org/web/20220209162741/https://www.cnbc.com/2022/01/18/fines-for-breaches-of-eu-gdpr-privacy-law-spike-sevenfold.html |
| the original | https://www.cnbc.com/2022/01/18/fines-for-breaches-of-eu-gdpr-privacy-law-spike-sevenfold.html |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-146 |
| "TikTok fined €345 million for GDPR violations on children's privacy" | https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-66830288 |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-147 |
| "Meta hit with record €1.2 billion GDPR fine over US data transfers" | https://www.theverge.com/2025/01/10/meta-gdpr-fine-1-2-billion |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-148 |
| "EU ditches plans to regulate tech patents, AI liability, online privacy" | https://www.reuters.com/technology/eu-ditches-plans-regulate-tech-patents-ai-liability-online-privacy-2025-02-12/ |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-149 |
| "The GDPR Is in Effect: Should U.S. Companies Be Afraid?" | http://fortune.com/2018/05/24/the-gdpr-is-in-effect-should-u-s-companies-be-afraid/ |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20180528010135/http://fortune.com/2018/05/24/the-gdpr-is-in-effect-should-u-s-companies-be-afraid/ |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-150 |
| "Commentary: California's New Data Privacy Law Could Begin a Regulatory Disaster" | https://web.archive.org/web/20190410052357/http://fortune.com/2018/10/23/california-data-privacy-law-gdpr/ |
| the original | http://fortune.com/2018/10/23/california-data-privacy-law-gdpr/ |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-151 |
| "California Unanimously Passes Historic Privacy Bill" | https://web.archive.org/web/20180629224553/https://www.wired.com/story/california-unanimously-passes-historic-privacy-bill/ |
| the original | https://www.wired.com/story/california-unanimously-passes-historic-privacy-bill/ |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-152 |
| "Marketers and tech companies confront California's version of GDPR" | https://web.archive.org/web/20180629211518/http://adage.com/article/digital/california-passed-version-gdpr/314079/ |
| the original | http://adage.com/article/digital/california-passed-version-gdpr/314079/ |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-153 |
| "Virginia passes the Consumer Data Protection Act" | https://iapp.org/news/a/virginia-passes-the-consumer-data-protection-act/ |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20210830135050/https://iapp.org/news/a/virginia-passes-the-consumer-data-protection-act/ |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-154 |
| "Colorado Privacy Act becomes law" | https://iapp.org/news/a/colorado-privacy-act-becomes-law/ |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20210826131532/https://iapp.org/news/a/colorado-privacy-act-becomes-law/ |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-155 |
| "KİŞİSEL VERİLERİ KORUMA KURUMU | KVKK | History" | https://www.kvkk.gov.tr/Icerik/6634/History |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-:Zhang_156-0 |
| Oxford University Press | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxford_University_Press |
| ISBN | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN_(identifier) |
| 9780197682258 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780197682258 |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-157 |
| "New Federal Act on Data Protection (nFADP)" | https://www.kmu.admin.ch/kmu/en/home/fakten-und-trends/digitalisierung/datenschutz/neues-datenschutzgesetz-revdsg.html |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20230325204902/https://www.kmu.admin.ch/kmu/en/home/fakten-und-trends/digitalisierung/datenschutz/neues-datenschutzgesetz-revdsg.html |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-158 |
| "The European Union (EU) General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) in the Caribbean Context" | https://www.carib-export.com/news/the-european-union-eu-general-data-protection-regulation-gdpr-in-the-caribbean-context/ |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-159 |
| "EDPB-EDPS Joint Response on the US Cloud Act" | https://edps.europa.eu/sites/edp/files/publication/19-07-10_edpb_edps_cloudact_annex_en.pdf |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-:02_160-0 |
| "21 Thoughts and Questions about the UK-US CLOUD Act Agreement: (and an Explanation of How it Works – with Charts)" | https://web.archive.org/web/20200721122020/https://europeanlawblog.eu/2019/10/17/21-thoughts-and-questions-about-the-uk-us-cloud-act-agreement-and-an-explanation-of-how-it-works-with-charts/ |
| the original | https://europeanlawblog.eu/2019/10/17/21-thoughts-and-questions-about-the-uk-us-cloud-act-agreement-and-an-explanation-of-how-it-works-with-charts/ |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-161 |
| "Don't Get Spooked by the CLOUD Act" | https://d1.awsstatic.com/whitepapers/compliance/IDC_Cloud_Act_Analysis.pdf |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-162 |
| "Regulating Privacy Online: An Economic Evaluation of the GDPR" | https://www.aeaweb.org/articles?id=10.1257/pol.20210309 |
| doi | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doi_(identifier) |
| 10.1257/pol.20210309 | https://doi.org/10.1257%2Fpol.20210309 |
| ISSN | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_(identifier) |
| 1945-7731 | https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1945-7731 |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-163 |
| "Data protection reform: Council adopts position at first reading - Consilium" | https://web.archive.org/web/20171006062440/http://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/press/press-releases/2016/04/08-data-protection-reform-first-reading/ |
| the original | http://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/press/press-releases/2016/04/08-data-protection-reform-first-reading/ |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-164 |
| "Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data, and repealing Directive 95/46/EC (General Data Protection Regulation) - first reading, Adoption of the Council's position at first reading - VoteWatch Europe" | https://web.archive.org/web/20171125221345/http://www.votewatch.eu/en/term8-regulation-of-the-european-parliament-and-of-the-council-on-the-protection-of-natural-persons-with-r.html |
| the original | http://www.votewatch.eu/en/term8-regulation-of-the-european-parliament-and-of-the-council-on-the-protection-of-natural-persons-with-r.html |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-165 |
| "Wayback Machine" | https://web.archive.org/web/20171201053947/http://www.europarl.europa.eu/cmsdata/99614/Procedure_ecrite_GDPR_EN.docx |
| the original | http://www.europarl.europa.eu/cmsdata/99614/Procedure_ecrite_GDPR_EN.docx |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-166 |
| "Data protection reform – Parliament approves new rules fit for the digital era – News – European Parliament" | http://www.europarl.europa.eu/news/en/news-room/20160407IPR21776/Data-protection-reform-Parliament-approves-new-rules-fit-for-the-digital-era |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20160417174838/http://www.europarl.europa.eu/news/en/news-room/20160407IPR21776/Data-protection-reform-Parliament-approves-new-rules-fit-for-the-digital-era |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-167 |
| "The History of the General Data Protection Regulation | European Data Protection Supervisor" | https://edps.europa.eu/data-protection/data-protection/legislation/history-general-data-protection-regulation_en |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-168 |
| "General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) entered into force in the EEA" | http://www.efta.int/EEA/news/General-Data-Protection-Regulation-GDPR-entered-force-EEA-509576 |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20181001030953/http://www.efta.int/EEA/news/General-Data-Protection-Regulation-GDPR-entered-force-EEA-509576 |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-169 |
| "GDPR – 20. juli er datoen!" | http://rett24.no/articles/gdpr--20.juli-er-datoen |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20180713133407/http://rett24.no/articles/gdpr--20.juli-er-datoen |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-170 |
| "Digital Single Market" | https://web.archive.org/web/20171008020455/https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/en |
| the original | https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/en |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-171 |
| "What does the ePrivacy Regulation mean for the online industry? - ePrivacy" | https://web.archive.org/web/20180522181550/https://www.eprivacy.eu/en/about-us/news-press/news-detail/article/what-does-the-eprivacy-regulation-mean-for-the-online-industry/ |
| the original | https://www.eprivacy.eu/en/about-us/news-press/news-detail/article/what-does-the-eprivacy-regulation-mean-for-the-online-industry/ |
| ^ | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation#cite_ref-172 |
| "Council position and findings on the application of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), 19 December 2019" | https://data.consilium.europa.eu/doc/document/ST-14994-2019-REV-1/en/pdf |
| Archived | https://web.archive.org/web/20191223121437/https://data.consilium.europa.eu/doc/document/ST-14994-2019-REV-1/en/pdf |
| edit | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=General_Data_Protection_Regulation&action=edit§ion=33 |
| https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg |
| General Data Protection Regulation | https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:General_Data_Protection_Regulation |
| General Data Protection Regulation consolidated text | https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:02016R0679-20160504 |
| General Data Protection Regulation initial legal act | https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32016R0679 |
| Data protection | https://ec.europa.eu/info/law/law-topic/data-protection_en |
| Procedure 2012/0011/COD | https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/HIS/?uri=CELEX:52012AE1303 |
| Handbook on European data protection law | http://fra.europa.eu/sites/default/files/fra_uploads/fra-coe-edps-2018-handbook-data-protection_en.pdf |
| Europrivacy Official Website | https://europrivacy.com/en |
| ECCP - European Centre for Certification and Privacy | https://eccpcentre.com/ |
| GDPR Certification | https://gdprcertification.com/ |
| v | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Privacy |
| t | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Privacy |
| e | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Privacy |
| Privacy | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Privacy |
| Right of access to personal data | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Right_of_access_to_personal_data |
| Expectation of privacy | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expectation_of_privacy |
| Right to privacy | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Right_to_privacy |
| Right to be forgotten | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Right_to_be_forgotten |
| Post-mortem privacy | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post-mortem_privacy |
| Privacy laws | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Privacy_law |
| Australia | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Privacy_in_Australian_law |
| Brazil | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Personal_Data_Protection_Law |
| Canada | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadian_privacy_law |
| China | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_Information_Protection_Law_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China |
| Denmark | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Privacy_law_in_Denmark |
| England | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Privacy_in_English_law |
| Germany | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bundesdatenschutzgesetz |
| Ghana | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_Protection_Act,_2012 |
| New Zealand | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Right_to_privacy_in_New_Zealand |
| Russia | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_protection_(privacy)_laws_in_Russia |
| Singapore | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_Data_Protection_Act_2012_(Singapore) |
| Sri Lanka | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_Data_Protection_Act_(Sri_Lanka) |
| Switzerland | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_Data_Protection_and_Information_Commissioner |
| United Kingdom | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Privacy_laws_of_the_United_Kingdom |
| United States | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Privacy_laws_of_the_United_States |
| California | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California_Consumer_Privacy_Act |
| amended in 2020 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California_Privacy_Rights_Act |
| Data protection authorities | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_data_protection_authority |
| Australia | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Office_of_the_Australian_Information_Commissioner |
| Denmark | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danish_Data_Protection_Agency |
| European Union | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Data_Protection_Supervisor |
| France | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commission_nationale_de_l%27informatique_et_des_libert%C3%A9s |
| Germany | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_Commissioner_for_Data_Protection_and_Freedom_of_Information |
| India | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_Protection_Board_of_India |
| Indonesia | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_Data_Protection_Authority |
| Ireland | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_Protection_Commissioner |
| Isle of Man | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Office_of_the_Data_Protection_Supervisor |
| Netherlands | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dutch_Data_Protection_Authority |
| Norway | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norwegian_Data_Protection_Authority |
| Philippines | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Privacy_Commission |
| Poland | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polish_Data_Protection_Commissioner |
| South Korea | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_Information_Protection_Commission_(South_Korea) |
| Spain | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_Data_Protection_Agency |
| Sweden | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swedish_Data_Protection_Authority |
| Switzerland | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_Data_Protection_and_Information_Commissioner |
| Thailand | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Office_of_the_Personal_Data_Protection_Committee |
| Turkey | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkish_Data_Protection_Authority |
| United Kingdom | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_Commissioner%27s_Office |
| Consumer | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consumer_privacy |
| Digital | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_privacy |
| Education | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Privacy_in_education |
| Medical | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_privacy |
| Workplace | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Workplace_privacy |
| Information privacy | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_privacy |
| Automotive | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automotive_privacy |
| Law | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_privacy_law |
| Financial | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bank_secrecy |
| Internet | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_privacy |
| Facebook | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Privacy_concerns_with_Facebook |
| Google | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Privacy_concerns_regarding_Google |
| Twitter | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Privacy_concerns_with_Twitter |
| Email | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Email_privacy |
| Personal data | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_data |
| Personal identifier | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_identifier |
| Social networking services | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Privacy_concerns_with_social_networking_services |
| Privacy-enhancing technologies | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Privacy-enhancing_technologies |
| Privacy engineering | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Privacy_engineering |
| Privacy-invasive software | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Privacy-invasive_software |
| Privacy policy | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Privacy_policy |
| Privacy software | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Privacy_software |
| Secret ballot | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secret_ballot |
| Virtual assistant privacy | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_assistant_privacy |
| American Civil Liberties Union | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Civil_Liberties_Union |
| Center for Democracy and Technology | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Center_for_Democracy_and_Technology |
| Computer Professionals for Social Responsibility | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_Professionals_for_Social_Responsibility |
| Data Privacy Lab | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_Privacy_Lab |
| Electronic Frontier Foundation | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_Frontier_Foundation |
| Electronic Privacy Information Center | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_Privacy_Information_Center |
| European Digital Rights | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Digital_Rights |
| Future of Privacy Forum | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Future_of_Privacy_Forum |
| Global Network Initiative | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_Network_Initiative |
| International Association of Privacy Professionals | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Association_of_Privacy_Professionals |
| NOYB | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NOYB |
| Privacy International | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Privacy_International |
| Anonymity | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anonymity |
| Cellphone surveillance | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cellphone_surveillance |
| Data security | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_security |
| Eavesdropping | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eavesdropping |
| Global surveillance | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_surveillance |
| Identity theft | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Identity_theft |
| Mass surveillance | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass_surveillance |
| Panopticon | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panopticon |
| PRISM | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PRISM |
| Search warrant | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Search_warrant |
| Wiretapping | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiretapping |
| Human rights | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_rights |
| Personality rights | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personality_rights |
| Category | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Privacy |
| Authority control databases | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Authority_control |
| https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172506#identifiers |
| VIAF | https://viaf.org/viaf/24146824948007631105 |
| 2 | https://viaf.org/viaf/6100148574278324430003 |
| GND | https://d-nb.info/gnd/1105568555 |
| United States | https://id.loc.gov/authorities/no2017007011 |
| Israel | https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987009828370505171 |
| https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=General_Data_Protection_Regulation&oldid=1331011370 | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=General_Data_Protection_Regulation&oldid=1331011370 |
| Categories | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Category |
| Privacy law | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Privacy_law |
| Information privacy | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Information_privacy |
| European Union regulations | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:European_Union_regulations |
| European Union data protection law | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:European_Union_data_protection_law |
| Data protection | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Data_protection |
| 2016 establishments in Europe | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:2016_establishments_in_Europe |
| 2018 in Europe | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:2018_in_Europe |
| Juncker Commission | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Juncker_Commission |
| Regulation of artificial intelligence | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Regulation_of_artificial_intelligence |
| Webarchive template wayback links | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links |
| CS1 German-language sources (de) | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_German-language_sources_(de) |
| Articles with short description | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description |
| Short description is different from Wikidata | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata |
| Use dmy dates from October 2020 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_October_2020 |
| Use British English from May 2018 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Use_British_English_from_May_2018 |
| All Wikipedia articles written in British English | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:All_Wikipedia_articles_written_in_British_English |
| All articles with unsourced statements | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements |
| Articles with unsourced statements from November 2021 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_November_2021 |
| Citation overkill | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Citation_overkill |
| Articles tagged with the inline citation overkill template from November 2025 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Articles_tagged_with_the_inline_citation_overkill_template_from_November_2025 |
| Commons category link from Wikidata | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_from_Wikidata |
| Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License |
| Terms of Use | https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use |
| Privacy Policy | https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy |
| Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. | https://wikimediafoundation.org/ |
| Privacy policy | https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy |
| About Wikipedia | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:About |
| Disclaimers | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer |
| Contact Wikipedia | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us |
| Legal & safety contacts | https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Legal:Wikimedia_Foundation_Legal_and_Safety_Contact_Information |
| Code of Conduct | https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct |
| Developers | https://developer.wikimedia.org |
| Statistics | https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org |
| Cookie statement | https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement |
| Mobile view | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=General_Data_Protection_Regulation&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile |
| https://www.wikimedia.org/ |
| https://www.mediawiki.org/ |
|
| https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation |
|
| https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation |
|
| https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation |
|
| https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation |
|
| https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation |
|
| https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation |
|
| https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation |
|
Add topic
| https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation |
