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Title: Double Ratchet Algorithm - Wikipedia

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(Top) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm
1 History https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#History
2 Overview https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#Overview
3 Functioning https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#Functioning
4 Applications https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#Applications
4.1 Federated networks https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#Federated_networks
4.2 Centralized networks https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#Centralized_networks
5 Notes https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#Notes
6 References https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#References
7 Literature https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#Literature
8 External links https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#External_links
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Türkçehttps://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algoritmas%C4%B1
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Wrenchhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wrench
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[1]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_note-1
cryptographyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptography
[2]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_note-Perrin-2016-03-30-2
[3]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_note-signal-inside-and-out-3
keyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Key_(cryptography)
algorithmhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algorithm
Trevor Perrinhttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Trevor_Perrin&action=edit&redlink=1
Moxie Marlinspikehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moxie_Marlinspike
cryptographic protocolhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptographic_protocol
end-to-end encryptionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/End-to-end_encryption
instant messaginghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instant_messaging
key exchangehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Key-agreement_protocol
Diffie–Hellman key exchangehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diffie%E2%80%93Hellman_key_exchange
key derivation functionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Key_derivation_function
hash functionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hash_function
[4]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_note-4
Sparse Post Quantum Ratchethttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sparse_Post_Quantum_Ratchet&action=edit&redlink=1
CRYSTALS-Kyberhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRYSTALS-Kyber
[5]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_note-5
edithttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Double_Ratchet_Algorithm&action=edit§ion=1
Open Whisper Systemshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Whisper_Systems
Signal Protocolhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signal_Protocol
Off-the-Record Messaginghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Off-the-Record_Messaging
Silent Circle Instant Messaging Protocolhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silent_Circle_Instant_Messaging_Protocol
axolotlhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axolotl
[6]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_note-6
[3]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_note-signal-inside-and-out-3
[7]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_note-Cohn-Gordon-2016-p1-7
[3]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_note-signal-inside-and-out-3
edithttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Double_Ratchet_Algorithm&action=edit§ion=2
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ratchet_example.gif
authenticationhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Authentication
DHhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diffie%E2%80%93Hellman_key_exchange
KDFhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Key_derivation_function
OTRhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Off-the-Record_Messaging
forward secrecyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forward_secrecy
plausible deniabilityhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deniable_encryption
by whom?https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions
public key infrastructurehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_key_infrastructure
asynchronous communicationhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asynchronous_communication
triple Diffie–Hellman key exchange (3-DH)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diffie%E2%80%93Hellman_key_exchange#Triple_Diffie-Hellman_(3-DH)
[8]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_note-Unger-2015-p241-8
[9]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_note-Unger-2015-p239-9
[9]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_note-Unger-2015-p239-9
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Axolotl_ratchet_scheme.svg
Curve25519https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curve25519
message authentication codeshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Message_authentication_code
Keyed-hash message authentication codehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hash-based_message_authentication_code
SHA-256https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SHA-256
Advanced Encryption Standardhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Encryption_Standard
modehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Block_cipher_mode_of_operation
paddinghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Padding_(cryptography)
PKCShttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PKCS
[10]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_note-Frosch-2014-10
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edithttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Double_Ratchet_Algorithm&action=edit§ion=5
Matrixhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matrix_(protocol)
Elementhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Element_(software)
[11]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_note-11
GNOME Fractalhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fractal_(software)
XMPPhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XMPP
OMEMOhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OMEMO
ChatSecurehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ChatSecure
Conversationshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conversations_(software)
Cryptocathttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptocat
[12]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_note-12
Gajimhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gajim
Movimhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Movim
Psihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psi_(instant_messaging_client)
[13]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_note-psi-omemo-13
Psi+https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psi_(instant_messaging_client)#History
[13]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_note-psi-omemo-13
libpurplehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libpurple
Pidginhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pidgin_(software)
[14]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_note-lurch-14
Adiumhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adium
[15]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_note-Lurch4Adium-15
Profanityhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Profanity_(instant_messaging_client)
[16]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_note-profanity-omemo-16
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backdoorshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backdoor_(computing)
Facebook Messengerhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Facebook_Messenger
[a]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_note-17
[b]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_note-SIGNAL-18
[17]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_note-19
G Datahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G_Data_CyberDefense
[b]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_note-SIGNAL-18
[18]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_note-G_Data-20
[19]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_note-21
Google Allohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Allo
[c]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_note-22
[b]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_note-SIGNAL-18
[20]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_note-Greenberg-2016-05-18-23
Google Messageshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Messages
[d]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_note-24
[b]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_note-SIGNAL-18
[21]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_note-25
Havenhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haven_(software)
[b]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_note-SIGNAL-18
[22]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_note-26
[23]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_note-27
[24]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_note-Pond-28
Signalhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signal_(messaging_app)
[b]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_note-SIGNAL-18
Silent Phonehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silent_Circle_(software)
[e]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_note-zina-29
[25]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_note-libzina-30
Skypehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skype
[f]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_note-31
[b]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_note-SIGNAL-18
[26]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_note-32
Viberhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viber
[g]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_note-33
[27]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_note-34
WhatsApphttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WhatsApp
[b]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_note-SIGNAL-18
[28]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_note-Metz-2016-04-05-35
Wirehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wire_(software)
[h]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_note-Proteus-36
[29]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_note-Wire_Security_Whitepaper-37
edithttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Double_Ratchet_Algorithm&action=edit§ion=7
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_ref-17
ahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_ref-SIGNAL_18-0
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hhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_ref-SIGNAL_18-7
Signal Protocolhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signal_Protocol
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_ref-22
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_ref-24
RCS chatshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rich_Communication_Services
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_ref-zina_29-0
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_ref-31
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_ref-33
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_ref-Proteus_36-0
edithttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Double_Ratchet_Algorithm&action=edit§ion=8
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_ref-1
The Double Ratchet Algorithmhttps://signal.org/docs/specifications/doubleratchet/
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_ref-Perrin-2016-03-30_2-0
"Compare Revisions"https://github.com/trevp/double_ratchet/wiki/Home/_compare/6fa4a516b01327d736df1f52014d8b561a18189a...ab41721f9ed7ca0bdac3e24ce9fc573750e0614d
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bhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_ref-signal-inside-and-out_3-1
chttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_ref-signal-inside-and-out_3-2
"Signal on the outside, Signal on the inside"https://whispersystems.org/blog/signal-inside-and-out/
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_ref-4
"On Post-compromise Security"https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:241da365-1c73-4b6a-826c-f122c4c1e1b8
doihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doi_(identifier)
10.1109/CSF.2016.19https://doi.org/10.1109%2FCSF.2016.19
ISBNhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)
978-1-5090-2607-4https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-5090-2607-4
S2CIDhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)
5703986https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:5703986
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_ref-5
https://signal.org/blog/spqrhttps://signal.org/blog/spqr
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_ref-6
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_ref-Cohn-Gordon-2016-p1_7-0
Cohn-Gordon et al. 2016https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#CITEREFCohn-GordonCremersDowlingGarratt2016
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_ref-Unger-2015-p241_8-0
Unger et al. 2015https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#CITEREFUngerDechandBonneauFahl2015
ahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_ref-Unger-2015-p239_9-0
bhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_ref-Unger-2015-p239_9-1
Unger et al. 2015https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#CITEREFUngerDechandBonneauFahl2015
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_ref-Frosch-2014_10-0
Frosch et al. 2014https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#CITEREFFroschMainkaBaderBergsma2014
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_ref-11
"Riot wants to be like Slack, but with the flexibility of an underlying open source platform"https://techcrunch.com/2016/09/19/riot-wants-to-be-like-slack-but-with-the-flexibility-of-an-underlying-open-source-platform/
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_ref-12
"Security"https://web.archive.org/web/20160407125207/https://crypto.cat/security.html
the originalhttps://crypto.cat/security.html
ahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_ref-psi-omemo_13-0
bhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_ref-psi-omemo_13-1
"OMEMO for Psi · GitHub"https://github.com/psi-im/plugins/tree/master/generic/omemoplugin
GitHubhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GitHub
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_ref-lurch_14-0
"lurch - OMEMO for libpurple"https://github.com/gkdr/lurch
GitHubhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GitHub
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_ref-Lurch4Adium_15-0
"Lurch4Adium - OMEMO Xtra for Adium"https://github.com/shtrom/Lurch4Adium
GitHubhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GitHub
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_ref-profanity-omemo_16-0
"profanity-omemo-plugin: A Python plugin to use (axolotl / Signal Protocol) encryption for the profanity XMPP messenger"https://github.com/ReneVolution/profanity-omemo-plugin
GitHubhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GitHub
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_ref-19
"You Can All Finally Encrypt Facebook Messenger, So Do It"https://www.wired.com/2016/10/facebook-completely-encrypted-messenger-update-now/
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_ref-G_Data_20-0
"G DATA Adds Encryption for Secure Mobile Chat"http://www.infosecurity-magazine.com/news/g-data-adds-encryption-for-secure/
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_ref-21
"SecureChat"https://github.com/GDATASoftwareAG/SecureChat
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_ref-Greenberg-2016-05-18_23-0
"With Allo and Duo, Google Finally Encrypts Conversations End-to-End"https://www.wired.com/2016/05/allo-duo-google-finally-encrypts-conversations-end-end/
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_ref-25
"Google enables end-to-end encryption for Android's default SMS/RCS app"https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2021/06/google-enables-end-to-end-encryption-for-androids-default-sms-rcs-app/
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_ref-26
"Haven Attributions"https://github.com/guardianproject/haven#attributions
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_ref-27
"Snowden's New App Uses Your Smartphone To Physically Guard Your Laptop"https://theintercept.com/2017/12/22/snowdens-new-app-uses-your-smartphone-to-physically-guard-your-laptop/
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_ref-Pond_28-0
"Wire in new ratchet system"https://github.com/agl/pond/commit/338395668fbb8a7819c0fccf54dccaa4d7f0ae9e
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_ref-libzina_30-0
"Silent Circle/libzina"https://github.com/SilentCircle/libzina/
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_ref-32
"Signal partners with Microsoft to bring end-to-end encryption to Skype"https://signal.org/blog/skype-partnership/
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_ref-34
"Viber Encryption Overview"https://www.viber.com/app/uploads/viber-encryption-overview.pdf
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_ref-Metz-2016-04-05_35-0
"Forget Apple vs. the FBI: WhatsApp Just Switched on Encryption for a Billion People"https://www.wired.com/2016/04/forget-apple-vs-fbi-whatsapp-just-switched-encryption-billion-people/
^https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ratchet_Algorithm#cite_ref-Wire_Security_Whitepaper_37-0
"Wire Security Whitepaper"https://wire-docs.wire.com/download/Wire+Security+Whitepaper.pdf
edithttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Double_Ratchet_Algorithm&action=edit§ion=9
"A Formal Security Analysis of the Signal Messaging Protocol"https://eprint.iacr.org/2016/1013.pdf
"How Secure is TextSecure?"https://eprint.iacr.org/2014/904.pdf
SoK: Secure Messaginghttp://ieee-security.org/TC/SP2015/papers-archived/6949a232.pdf
doihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doi_(identifier)
10.1109/SP.2015.22https://doi.org/10.1109%2FSP.2015.22
edithttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Double_Ratchet_Algorithm&action=edit§ion=10
Specificationhttps://signal.org/docs/specifications/doubleratchet/
Open Whisper Systemshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Whisper_Systems
Advanced cryptographic ratchetinghttps://signal.org/blog/advanced-ratcheting/
Olmhttps://git.matrix.org/git/olm/about/docs/olm.rst
Apache 2.0 licensehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apache_license
Vodozemachttps://matrix-org.github.io/vodozemac/vodozemac/index.html
Apache 2.0 licensehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apache_license
Double ratchet algorithm: The ping-pong game encrypting Signal and WhatsApphttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7uEeE3TUqmU
YouTubehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTube_video_(identifier)
vhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cryptography_public-key
thttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Cryptography_public-key
ehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Cryptography_public-key
Public-key cryptographyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public-key_cryptography
Integer factorizationhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integer_factorization
Benalohhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benaloh_cryptosystem
Blum–Goldwasserhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blum%E2%80%93Goldwasser_cryptosystem
Cayley–Purserhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cayley%E2%80%93Purser_algorithm
Damgård–Jurikhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damg%C3%A5rd%E2%80%93Jurik_cryptosystem
GMRhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GMR_(cryptography)
Goldwasser–Micalihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goldwasser%E2%80%93Micali_cryptosystem
Naccache–Sternhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naccache%E2%80%93Stern_cryptosystem
Paillierhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paillier_cryptosystem
Rabinhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rabin_signature
RSAhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RSA_cryptosystem
Okamoto–Uchiyamahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okamoto%E2%80%93Uchiyama_cryptosystem
Schmidt–Samoahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schmidt-Samoa_cryptosystem
Discrete logarithmhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discrete_logarithm
BLShttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boneh%E2%80%93Lynn%E2%80%93Shacham
Cramer–Shouphttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cramer%E2%80%93Shoup_cryptosystem
DHhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diffie%E2%80%93Hellman_key_exchange
DSAhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_Signature_Algorithm
ECDHhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elliptic-curve_Diffie%E2%80%93Hellman
X25519https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curve25519
X448https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curve448
ECDSAhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elliptic_Curve_Digital_Signature_Algorithm
EdDSAhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EdDSA
Ed25519https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EdDSA#Ed25519
Ed448https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EdDSA#Ed448
ECMQVhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ECMQV
EKEhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encrypted_key_exchange
ElGamalhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ElGamal_encryption
signature schemehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ElGamal_signature_scheme
MQVhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MQV
Schnorrhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schnorr_signature
SPEKEhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SPEKE
SRPhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secure_Remote_Password_protocol
STShttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Station-to-Station_protocol
Lattice/SVP/CVPhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lattice-based_cryptography
LWEhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Learning_with_errors
SIShttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Short_integer_solution_problem
BLISShttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BLISS_signature_scheme
Kyberhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kyber
NewHopehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NewHope
NTRUEncrypthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NTRUEncrypt
NTRUSignhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NTRUSign
RLWE-KEXhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RLWE-KEX
RLWE-SIGhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RLWE-SIG
AEhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algebraic_Eraser
CEILIDHhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CEILIDH
EPOChttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Efficient_Probabilistic_Public-Key_Encryption_Scheme
HFEhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidden_Field_Equations
IEShttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrated_Encryption_Scheme
Lamporthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lamport_signature
McEliecehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/McEliece_cryptosystem
Merkle–Hellmanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merkle%E2%80%93Hellman_knapsack_cryptosystem
Naccache–Stern knapsack cryptosystemhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naccache%E2%80%93Stern_knapsack_cryptosystem
Three-pass protocolhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three-pass_protocol
XTRhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XTR
SQIsignhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQIsign
SPHINCS+https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SPHINCS%2B
Discrete logarithm cryptographyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discrete_logarithm#Cryptography
Elliptic-curve cryptographyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elliptic-curve_cryptography
Hash-based cryptographyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hash-based_cryptography
Non-commutative cryptographyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-commutative_cryptography
RSA problemhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RSA_problem
Trapdoor functionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trapdoor_function
CRYPTREChttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRYPTREC
IEEE P1363https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IEEE_P1363
NESSIEhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NESSIE
NSA Suite Bhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NSA_Suite_B_Cryptography
CNSAhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commercial_National_Security_Algorithm_Suite
Post-Quantum Cryptographyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NIST_Post-Quantum_Cryptography_Standardization
Digital signaturehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_signature
OAEPhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optimal_asymmetric_encryption_padding
Fingerprinthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_key_fingerprint
PKIhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_key_infrastructure
Web of trusthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_of_trust
Key sizehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Key_size
Identity-based cryptographyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Identity-based_cryptography
Post-quantum cryptographyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post-quantum_cryptography
OpenPGP cardhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenPGP_card
vhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cryptography_navbox
thttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Cryptography_navbox
ehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Cryptography_navbox
Cryptographyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptography
History of cryptographyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_cryptography
Outline of cryptographyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline_of_cryptography
Classical cipherhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classical_cipher
Cryptographic protocolhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptographic_protocol
Authentication protocolhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Authentication_protocol
Cryptographic primitivehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptographic_primitive
Cryptanalysishttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptanalysis
Cryptocurrencyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptocurrency
Cryptosystemhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptosystem
Cryptographic noncehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptographic_nonce
Cryptovirologyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptovirology
Hash functionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hash_function
Cryptographic hash functionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptographic_hash_function
Key derivation functionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Key_derivation_function
Secure Hash Algorithmshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secure_Hash_Algorithms
Digital signaturehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_signature
Kleptographyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kleptography
Key (cryptography)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Key_(cryptography)
Key exchangehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Key_exchange
Key generatorhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Key_generator
Key schedulehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Key_schedule
Key stretchinghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Key_stretching
Keygenhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keygen
Machineshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cryptography_machines
Ransomwarehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ransomware
Random number generationhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Random_number_generation
Cryptographically secure pseudorandom number generatorhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptographically_secure_pseudorandom_number_generator
Pseudorandom noisehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudorandom_noise
Secure channelhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secure_channel
Insecure channelhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insecure_channel
Subliminal channelhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subliminal_channel
Encryptionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encryption
Decryptionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decryption
End-to-end encryptionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/End-to-end_encryption
Harvest now, decrypt laterhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harvest_now,_decrypt_later
Information-theoretic securityhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information-theoretic_security
Plaintexthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plaintext
Codetexthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Codetext
Ciphertexthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciphertext
Shared secrethttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shared_secret
Trapdoor functionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trapdoor_function
Trusted timestampinghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trusted_timestamping
Key-based routinghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Key-based_routing
Onion routinghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onion_routing
Garlic routinghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garlic_routing
Kademliahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kademlia
Mix networkhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mix_network
Cryptographic hash functionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptographic_hash_function
Block cipherhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Block_cipher
Stream cipherhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stream_cipher
Symmetric-key algorithmhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symmetric-key_algorithm
Authenticated encryptionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Authenticated_encryption
Public-key cryptographyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public-key_cryptography
Quantum key distributionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_key_distribution
Quantum cryptographyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_cryptography
Post-quantum cryptographyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post-quantum_cryptography
Message authentication codehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Message_authentication_code
Random numbershttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptographically_secure_pseudorandom_number_generator
Steganographyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steganography
Categoryhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Cryptography
vhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cryptographic_software
thttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Cryptographic_software
ehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Cryptographic_software
Cryptographic softwarehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encryption_software
Email clientshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Email_client
Apple Mailhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple_Mail
Autocrypthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autocrypt
Claws Mailhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claws_Mail
Enigmailhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enigmail
GPGhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_Privacy_Guard
Gpg4winhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gpg4win
GPG Mailhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GPG_Mail
Kontacthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kontact
Outlookhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Outlook
p≡phttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pretty_Easy_privacy
PGPhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pretty_Good_Privacy
Proton Mailhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton_Mail
Sylpheedhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sylpheed
Thunderbirdhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mozilla_Thunderbird
Securecommunicationhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secure_communication
OTRhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Off-the-Record_Messaging
Adiumhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adium
BitlBeehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BitlBee
Centericqhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centericq
ChatSecurehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ChatSecure
climmhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climm
Jitsihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jitsi
Kopetehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kopete
Profanityhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Profanity_(instant_messaging_client)
SSHhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secure_Shell
Dropbearhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dropbear_(software)
lshhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lsh
OpenSSHhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenSSH
PuTTYhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PuTTY
SecureCRThttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SecureCRT
WinSCPhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WinSCP
wolfSSHhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WolfSSH
TLS & SSLhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport_Layer_Security
BBM Enterprisehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BBM_Enterprise
Bouncy Castlehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bouncy_Castle_(cryptography)
BoringSSLhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenSSL#BoringSSL
Botanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Botan_(programming_library)
cryptlibhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptlib
GnuTLShttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GnuTLS
JSSEhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_Secure_Socket_Extension
LibreSSLhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LibreSSL
MatrixSSLhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MatrixSSL
NSShttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_Security_Services
OpenSSLhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenSSL
mbed TLShttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mbed_TLS
BSAFEhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BSAFE
SChannelhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Security_Support_Provider_Interface
SSLeayhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SSLeay
stunnelhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stunnel
TeamNotehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TeamNote
wolfSSLhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WolfSSL
VPNhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_private_network
Check Point VPN-1https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Check_Point_VPN-1
Hamachihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LogMeIn_Hamachi
Openswanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Openswan
OpenVPNhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenVPN
SoftEther VPNhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SoftEther_VPN
strongSwanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/StrongSwan
Tinchttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tinc_(protocol)
WireGuardhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WireGuard
ZRTPhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ZRTP
Jitsihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jitsi
Linphonehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linphone
Jamihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jami_(software)
Zfonehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zfone
P2Phttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peer-to-peer
Bitmessagehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitmessage
Briarhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Briar_(software)
RetroSharehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RetroShare
Toxhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tox_(protocol)
Matrixhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matrix_(protocol)
OMEMOhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OMEMO
Cryptocathttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptocat
ChatSecurehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ChatSecure
Proteushttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wire_Swiss
Sessionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Session_(software)
Signal Protocolhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signal_Protocol
Facebook Messengerhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Facebook_Messenger
Google Allohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Allo
Google Messageshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Messages
Signalhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signal_(software)
TextSecurehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TextSecure
WhatsApphttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WhatsApp
Disk encryptionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disk_encryption
Comparisonhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_disk_encryption_software
BestCrypthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BestCrypt
BitLockerhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BitLocker
Cryptoloophttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptoloop
dm-crypthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dm-crypt
DriveSentryhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DriveSentry
E4Mhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E4M
eCryptfshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ECryptfs
FileVaulthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FileVault
FreeOTFEhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FreeOTFE
GBDEhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GBDE
gelihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geli_(software)
LUKShttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linux_Unified_Key_Setup
PGPDiskhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PGPDisk
Private Diskhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Private_Disk
Scramdiskhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scramdisk
Sentry 2020https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sentry_2020
TrueCrypthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TrueCrypt
Historyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TrueCrypt_version_history
VeraCrypthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VeraCrypt
Anonymityhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anonymity#Anonymity_on_the_Internet
GNUnethttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNUnet#File_sharing
I2Phttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I2P
Java Anon Proxyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_Anon_Proxy
Mixnethttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mix_network
Torhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tor_(network)
Vidaliahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vidalia_(software)
RetroSharehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RetroShare
Ricochethttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ricochet_(software)
Wickrhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wickr
File systemshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File_system
Listhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_cryptographic_file_systems
EncFShttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EncFS
EFShttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encrypting_File_System
eCryptfshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ECryptfs
LUKShttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linux_Unified_Key_Setup
PEFShttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=PEFS&action=edit&redlink=1
Rubberhosehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rubberhose_(file_system)
StegFShttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/StegFS
Tahoe-LAFShttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tahoe-LAFS
Security-focusedoperating systemhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Security-focused_operating_system
GrapheneOShttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GrapheneOS
Tailshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tails_(operating_system)
Qubeshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qubes
Hyphanethttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyphanet
NordLockerhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NordLocker
Proton Drivehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton_Drive
Tresorithttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tresorit
Wualahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wuala
CrypToolhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CrypTool
Anti–computer forensicshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti%E2%80%93computer_forensics
USBKillhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USBKill
BusKillhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BusKill
Outline of cryptographyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline_of_cryptography
Timeline of cryptographyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_cryptography
Hash functionshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hash_function
Cryptographic hash functionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptographic_hash_function
List of hash functionshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_hash_functions
Homomorphic encryptionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homomorphic_encryption
End-to-end encryptionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/End-to-end_encryption
S/MIMEhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S/MIME
Categoryhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Cryptographic_software
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Commonshttps://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Cryptographic_software
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thttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:FOSS
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Alternative terms for free softwarehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternative_terms_for_free_software
Comparison of open-source and closed-source softwarehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_open-source_and_closed-source_software
Comparison of source-code-hosting facilitieshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_source-code-hosting_facilities
Free softwarehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_software
Free software project directorieshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_free_software_project_directories
Gratis versus librehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gratis_versus_libre
Long-term supporthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long-term_support
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Open-source software developmenthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-source_software_development
Outlinehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline_of_free_software
Timelinehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_free_and_open-source_software
Softwarepackageshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_free_and_open-source_software_packages
Audiohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_free_software_for_audio
Bioinformaticshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_open-source_bioinformatics_software
Codecshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_open-source_codecs
Configuration managementhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_open-source_configuration_management_software
Drivershttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Device_driver
Graphicshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_and_open-source_graphics_device_driver
Wirelesshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_open-source_wireless_drivers
Healthhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_open-source_health_software
Mathematicshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_open-source_software_for_mathematics
Office suiteshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_office_suites
Operating systemshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_open-source_operating_systems
Routinghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_open-source_routing_platforms
Televisionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_free_television_software
Video gameshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_open-source_video_games
Web applicationshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_free_and_open-source_web_applications
E-commercehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_shopping_cart_software
Android appshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_free_and_open-source_Android_applications
iOS appshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_free_and_open-source_iOS_applications
Commercialhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_commercial_open-source_applications_and_services
Formerly proprietaryhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_formerly_proprietary_software
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Historyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_free_and_open-source_software
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Eventshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_free-software_events
Advocacyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-source_software_advocacy
Organisationshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_free_and_open-source_software_organizations
Free Software Movement of Indiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_Software_Movement_of_India
Free Software Foundationhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_Software_Foundation
Licenseshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free-software_license
AFLhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Academic_Free_License
Apachehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apache_License
APSLhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple_Public_Source_License
Artistichttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artistic_License
Beerwarehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beerware
BSDhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BSD_licenses
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