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Title: profiling.sampling — Statistical profiler — Python 3.15.0a5 documentation

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Description: Source code: Lib/profiling/sampling/ Tachyon logo The profiling.sampling module, named Tachyon, provides statistical profiling of Python programs through periodic stack sampling. Tachyon can run sc...

Open Graph Description: Source code: Lib/profiling/sampling/ Tachyon logo The profiling.sampling module, named Tachyon, provides statistical profiling of Python programs through periodic stack sampling. Tachyon can run sc...

Opengraph URL: https://docs.python.org/3/library/profiling.sampling.html

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og:image:alt	Source code: Lib/profiling/sampling/ Tachyon logo The profiling.sampling module, named Tachyon, provides statistical profiling of Python programs through periodic stack sampling. Tachyon can run sc...
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Links:

	https://www.python.org/
Table of Contents	https://docs.python.org/dev/contents.html
profiling.sampling — Statistical profiler	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html
What is statistical profiling?	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#what-is-statistical-profiling
How time is estimated	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#how-time-is-estimated
When to use a different approach	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#when-to-use-a-different-approach
Quick examples	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#quick-examples
Commands	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#commands
The run command	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#the-run-command
The attach command	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#the-attach-command
The replay command	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#the-replay-command
Profiling in production	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#profiling-in-production
Platform requirements	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#platform-requirements
Version compatibility	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#version-compatibility
Sampling configuration	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#sampling-configuration
Sampling rate and duration	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#sampling-rate-and-duration
Thread selection	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#thread-selection
Blocking mode	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#blocking-mode
Special frames	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#special-frames
Opcode-aware profiling	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#opcode-aware-profiling
Real-time statistics	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#real-time-statistics
Subprocess profiling	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#subprocess-profiling
Sampling efficiency	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#sampling-efficiency
Profiling modes	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#profiling-modes
Wall-clock mode	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#wall-clock-mode
CPU mode	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cpu-mode
Comparing wall-clock and CPU profiles	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#comparing-wall-clock-and-cpu-profiles
GIL mode	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#gil-mode
Exception mode	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#exception-mode
Output formats	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#output-formats
pstats format	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#pstats-format
Collapsed stacks format	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#collapsed-stacks-format
Flame graph format	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#flame-graph-format
Gecko format	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#gecko-format
Heatmap format	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#heatmap-format
Binary format	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#binary-format
Record and replay workflow	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#record-and-replay-workflow
Live mode	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#live-mode
Keyboard commands	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#keyboard-commands
Async-aware profiling	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#async-aware-profiling
Async modes	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#async-modes
Task markers and stack reconstruction	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#task-markers-and-stack-reconstruction
Option restrictions	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#option-restrictions
Command-line interface	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#command-line-interface
Global options	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#global-options
Sampling options	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#sampling-options
Mode options	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#mode-options
Output options	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#output-options
pstats display options	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#pstats-display-options
Run command options	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#run-command-options
profiling.tracing — Deterministic profiler	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.tracing.html
pstats — Statistics for profilers	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/pstats.html
Report a bug	https://docs.python.org/dev/bugs.html
Show source	https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/main/Doc/library/profiling.sampling.rst?plain=1
index	https://docs.python.org/dev/genindex.html
modules	https://docs.python.org/dev/py-modindex.html
next	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/pstats.html
previous	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.tracing.html
Python	https://www.python.org/
3.15.0a5 Documentation	https://docs.python.org/dev/index.html
The Python Standard Library	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/index.html
Debugging and profiling	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/debug.html
profiling — Python profilers	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.html
profiling.sampling — Statistical profiler	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html
profiling.sampling	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#module-profiling.sampling
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#module-profiling.sampling
Lib/profiling/sampling/	https://github.com/python/cpython/tree/main/Lib/profiling/sampling/
	https://docs.python.org/dev/_images/tachyon-logo.png
profiling.sampling	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#module-profiling.sampling
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#what-is-statistical-profiling
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#how-time-is-estimated
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#when-to-use-a-different-approach
profiling.tracing	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.tracing.html#module-profiling.tracing
profiling.tracing	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.tracing.html#module-profiling.tracing
timeit	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/timeit.html#module-timeit
profiling.tracing	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.tracing.html#module-profiling.tracing
profiling.tracing	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.tracing.html#module-profiling.tracing
profiling.tracing	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.tracing.html#module-profiling.tracing
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#quick-examples
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#commands
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#the-run-command
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#the-attach-command
Platform requirements	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#profiling-permissions
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#the-replay-command
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#profiling-in-production
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#platform-requirements
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#version-compatibility
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#sampling-configuration
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#sampling-rate-and-duration
--sampling-rate	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-r
-r	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-r
--duration	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-d
-d	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-d
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#thread-selection
threading	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/threading.html#module-threading
--all-threads	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-a
-a	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-a
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#blocking-mode
--blocking	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-blocking
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#special-frames
--native	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-native
--no-gc	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-no-gc
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#opcode-aware-profiling
--opcodes	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-opcodes
--opcodes	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-opcodes
--live	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-live
--flamegraph	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-flamegraph
--heatmap	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-heatmap
--gecko	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-gecko
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#real-time-statistics
--realtime-stats	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-realtime-stats
Sampling efficiency	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#sampling-efficiency
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#subprocess-profiling
--subprocesses	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-subprocesses
multiprocessing	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/multiprocessing.html#module-multiprocessing
subprocess	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/subprocess.html#module-subprocess
concurrent.futures	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/concurrent.futures.html#module-concurrent.futures
ProcessPoolExecutor	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/concurrent.futures.html#concurrent.futures.ProcessPoolExecutor
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#id3
--subprocesses	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-subprocesses
--live	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-live
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#sampling-efficiency
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#profiling-modes
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#wall-clock-mode
--mode	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-mode
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cpu-mode
--mode	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-mode
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#comparing-wall-clock-and-cpu-profiles
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#gil-mode
--mode	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-mode
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#exception-mode
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#output-formats
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#pstats-format
--pstats	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-pstats
	https://docs.python.org/dev/_images/tachyon-pstats.png
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#id4
--no-summary	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-no-summary
--sort	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-sort
--limit	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-l
--no-summary	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-no-summary
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#collapsed-stacks-format
--collapsed	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-collapsed
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#flame-graph-format
--flamegraph	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-flamegraph
	https://docs.python.org/dev/_images/tachyon-flamegraph.png
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#id5
Try the interactive example	https://docs.python.org/dev/_static/tachyon-example-flamegraph.html
Sampling efficiency	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#sampling-efficiency
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#gecko-format
--gecko	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-gecko
Firefox Profiler	https://profiler.firefox.com
Firefox Profiler documentation	https://profiler.firefox.com/docs/#/
--mode	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-mode
	https://docs.python.org/dev/_images/tachyon-gecko-calltree.png
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#id6
	https://docs.python.org/dev/_images/tachyon-gecko-flamegraph.png
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#id7
	https://docs.python.org/dev/_images/tachyon-gecko-opcodes.png
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#id8
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#heatmap-format
--heatmap	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-heatmap
	https://docs.python.org/dev/_images/tachyon-heatmap.png
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#id9
--opcodes	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-opcodes
	https://docs.python.org/dev/_images/tachyon-heatmap-with-opcodes.png
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#id10
Try the interactive example	https://docs.python.org/dev/_static/tachyon-example-heatmap.html
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#binary-format
--binary	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-binary
--compression	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-compression
compression.zstd	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/compression.zstd.html#module-compression.zstd
The replay command	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#replay-command
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#record-and-replay-workflow
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#live-mode
--live	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-live
	https://docs.python.org/dev/_images/tachyon-live-mode-2.gif
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#id11
curses	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/curses.html#module-curses
--opcodes	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-opcodes
	https://docs.python.org/dev/_images/tachyon-live-mode-1.gif
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#id12
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#keyboard-commands
--collapsed	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-collapsed
--flamegraph	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-flamegraph
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#async-aware-profiling
asyncio	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/asyncio.html#module-asyncio
--async-aware	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-async-aware
asyncio	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/asyncio.html#module-asyncio
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#async-modes
--async-mode	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-async-mode
--async-mode	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-async-mode
--async-mode	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-async-mode
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#task-markers-and-stack-reconstruction
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#option-restrictions
--native	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-native
--no-gc	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-no-gc
--all-threads	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-a
--mode	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-mode
--mode	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-mode
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#command-line-interface
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#global-options
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-arg-run
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-arg-attach
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-arg-replay
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#sampling-options
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-r
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-d
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-a
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-realtime-stats
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-native
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-no-gc
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-async-aware
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-opcodes
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-subprocesses
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-blocking
Blocking mode	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#blocking-mode
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#mode-options
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-mode
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-async-mode
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#output-options
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-pstats
-o	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-o
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-collapsed
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-flamegraph
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-gecko
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-heatmap
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-binary
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-compression
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-o
--pstats	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-pstats
--heatmap	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-heatmap
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-browser
--flamegraph	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-flamegraph
--heatmap	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-heatmap
--subprocesses	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-subprocesses
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#pstats-display-options
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-sort
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-l
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-no-summary
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#run-command-options
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-m
¶	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cmdoption-profiling.sampling-live
profiling	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.html#module-profiling
profiling.tracing	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.tracing.html#module-profiling.tracing
pstats	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/pstats.html#module-pstats
Firefox Profiler	https://profiler.firefox.com
documentation	https://profiler.firefox.com/docs/#/
FlameGraph	https://github.com/brendangregg/FlameGraph
Table of Contents	https://docs.python.org/dev/contents.html
profiling.sampling — Statistical profiler	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html
What is statistical profiling?	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#what-is-statistical-profiling
How time is estimated	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#how-time-is-estimated
When to use a different approach	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#when-to-use-a-different-approach
Quick examples	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#quick-examples
Commands	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#commands
The run command	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#the-run-command
The attach command	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#the-attach-command
The replay command	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#the-replay-command
Profiling in production	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#profiling-in-production
Platform requirements	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#platform-requirements
Version compatibility	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#version-compatibility
Sampling configuration	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#sampling-configuration
Sampling rate and duration	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#sampling-rate-and-duration
Thread selection	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#thread-selection
Blocking mode	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#blocking-mode
Special frames	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#special-frames
Opcode-aware profiling	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#opcode-aware-profiling
Real-time statistics	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#real-time-statistics
Subprocess profiling	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#subprocess-profiling
Sampling efficiency	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#sampling-efficiency
Profiling modes	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#profiling-modes
Wall-clock mode	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#wall-clock-mode
CPU mode	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#cpu-mode
Comparing wall-clock and CPU profiles	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#comparing-wall-clock-and-cpu-profiles
GIL mode	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#gil-mode
Exception mode	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#exception-mode
Output formats	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#output-formats
pstats format	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#pstats-format
Collapsed stacks format	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#collapsed-stacks-format
Flame graph format	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#flame-graph-format
Gecko format	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#gecko-format
Heatmap format	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#heatmap-format
Binary format	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#binary-format
Record and replay workflow	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#record-and-replay-workflow
Live mode	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#live-mode
Keyboard commands	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#keyboard-commands
Async-aware profiling	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#async-aware-profiling
Async modes	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#async-modes
Task markers and stack reconstruction	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#task-markers-and-stack-reconstruction
Option restrictions	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#option-restrictions
Command-line interface	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#command-line-interface
Global options	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#global-options
Sampling options	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#sampling-options
Mode options	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#mode-options
Output options	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#output-options
pstats display options	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#pstats-display-options
Run command options	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html#run-command-options
profiling.tracing — Deterministic profiler	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.tracing.html
pstats — Statistics for profilers	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/pstats.html
Report a bug	https://docs.python.org/dev/bugs.html
Show source	https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/main/Doc/library/profiling.sampling.rst?plain=1
index	https://docs.python.org/dev/genindex.html
modules	https://docs.python.org/dev/py-modindex.html
next	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/pstats.html
previous	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.tracing.html
Python	https://www.python.org/
3.15.0a5 Documentation	https://docs.python.org/dev/index.html
The Python Standard Library	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/index.html
Debugging and profiling	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/debug.html
profiling — Python profilers	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.html
profiling.sampling — Statistical profiler	https://docs.python.org/dev/library/profiling.sampling.html
Copyright	https://docs.python.org/dev/copyright.html
History and License	https://docs.python.org/license.html
Please donate.	https://www.python.org/psf/donations/
Found a bug	https://docs.python.org/bugs.html
Sphinx	https://www.sphinx-doc.org/

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