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Title: Generic Operating System Services — Python 3.14.2 documentation

Open Graph Title: Generic Operating System Services

Description: The modules described in this chapter provide interfaces to operating system features that are available on (almost) all operating systems, such as files and a clock. The interfaces are generally m...

Open Graph Description: The modules described in this chapter provide interfaces to operating system features that are available on (almost) all operating systems, such as files and a clock. The interfaces are generally m...

Opengraph URL: https://docs.python.org/3/library/allos.html

direct link

Domain: docs.python.org

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og:image:alt	The modules described in this chapter provide interfaces to operating system features that are available on (almost) all operating systems, such as files and a clock. The interfaces are generally m...
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Links:

	https://www.python.org/
secrets — Generate secure random numbers for managing secrets	https://docs.python.org/3/library/secrets.html
os — Miscellaneous operating system interfaces	https://docs.python.org/3/library/os.html
Report a bug	https://docs.python.org/3/bugs.html
Show source	https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/main/Doc/library/allos.rst?plain=1
index	https://docs.python.org/3/genindex.html
modules	https://docs.python.org/3/py-modindex.html
next	https://docs.python.org/3/library/os.html
previous	https://docs.python.org/3/library/secrets.html
Python	https://www.python.org/
3.14.2 Documentation	https://docs.python.org/3/index.html
The Python Standard Library	https://docs.python.org/3/library/index.html
Generic Operating System Services	https://docs.python.org/3/library/allos.html
¶	https://docs.python.org/3/library/allos.html#generic-operating-system-services
os — Miscellaneous operating system interfaces	https://docs.python.org/3/library/os.html
File Names, Command Line Arguments, and Environment Variables	https://docs.python.org/3/library/os.html#file-names-command-line-arguments-and-environment-variables
Python UTF-8 Mode	https://docs.python.org/3/library/os.html#python-utf-8-mode
Process Parameters	https://docs.python.org/3/library/os.html#process-parameters
File Object Creation	https://docs.python.org/3/library/os.html#file-object-creation
File Descriptor Operations	https://docs.python.org/3/library/os.html#file-descriptor-operations
Querying the size of a terminal	https://docs.python.org/3/library/os.html#querying-the-size-of-a-terminal
Inheritance of File Descriptors	https://docs.python.org/3/library/os.html#inheritance-of-file-descriptors
Files and Directories	https://docs.python.org/3/library/os.html#files-and-directories
Timer File Descriptors	https://docs.python.org/3/library/os.html#timer-file-descriptors
Linux extended attributes	https://docs.python.org/3/library/os.html#linux-extended-attributes
Process Management	https://docs.python.org/3/library/os.html#process-management
Interface to the scheduler	https://docs.python.org/3/library/os.html#interface-to-the-scheduler
Miscellaneous System Information	https://docs.python.org/3/library/os.html#miscellaneous-system-information
Random numbers	https://docs.python.org/3/library/os.html#random-numbers
io — Core tools for working with streams	https://docs.python.org/3/library/io.html
Overview	https://docs.python.org/3/library/io.html#overview
Text I/O	https://docs.python.org/3/library/io.html#text-i-o
Binary I/O	https://docs.python.org/3/library/io.html#binary-i-o
Raw I/O	https://docs.python.org/3/library/io.html#raw-i-o
Text Encoding	https://docs.python.org/3/library/io.html#text-encoding
Opt-in EncodingWarning	https://docs.python.org/3/library/io.html#opt-in-encodingwarning
High-level Module Interface	https://docs.python.org/3/library/io.html#high-level-module-interface
Class hierarchy	https://docs.python.org/3/library/io.html#class-hierarchy
I/O Base Classes	https://docs.python.org/3/library/io.html#i-o-base-classes
Raw File I/O	https://docs.python.org/3/library/io.html#raw-file-i-o
Buffered Streams	https://docs.python.org/3/library/io.html#buffered-streams
Text I/O	https://docs.python.org/3/library/io.html#id1
Static Typing	https://docs.python.org/3/library/io.html#static-typing
Performance	https://docs.python.org/3/library/io.html#performance
Binary I/O	https://docs.python.org/3/library/io.html#id2
Text I/O	https://docs.python.org/3/library/io.html#id3
Multi-threading	https://docs.python.org/3/library/io.html#multi-threading
Reentrancy	https://docs.python.org/3/library/io.html#reentrancy
time — Time access and conversions	https://docs.python.org/3/library/time.html
Functions	https://docs.python.org/3/library/time.html#functions
Clock ID Constants	https://docs.python.org/3/library/time.html#clock-id-constants
Timezone Constants	https://docs.python.org/3/library/time.html#timezone-constants
logging — Logging facility for Python	https://docs.python.org/3/library/logging.html
Logger Objects	https://docs.python.org/3/library/logging.html#logger-objects
Logging Levels	https://docs.python.org/3/library/logging.html#logging-levels
Handler Objects	https://docs.python.org/3/library/logging.html#handler-objects
Formatter Objects	https://docs.python.org/3/library/logging.html#formatter-objects
Filter Objects	https://docs.python.org/3/library/logging.html#filter-objects
LogRecord Objects	https://docs.python.org/3/library/logging.html#logrecord-objects
LogRecord attributes	https://docs.python.org/3/library/logging.html#logrecord-attributes
LoggerAdapter Objects	https://docs.python.org/3/library/logging.html#loggeradapter-objects
Thread Safety	https://docs.python.org/3/library/logging.html#thread-safety
Module-Level Functions	https://docs.python.org/3/library/logging.html#module-level-functions
Module-Level Attributes	https://docs.python.org/3/library/logging.html#module-level-attributes
Integration with the warnings module	https://docs.python.org/3/library/logging.html#integration-with-the-warnings-module
logging.config — Logging configuration	https://docs.python.org/3/library/logging.config.html
Configuration functions	https://docs.python.org/3/library/logging.config.html#configuration-functions
Security considerations	https://docs.python.org/3/library/logging.config.html#security-considerations
Configuration dictionary schema	https://docs.python.org/3/library/logging.config.html#configuration-dictionary-schema
Dictionary Schema Details	https://docs.python.org/3/library/logging.config.html#dictionary-schema-details
Incremental Configuration	https://docs.python.org/3/library/logging.config.html#incremental-configuration
Object connections	https://docs.python.org/3/library/logging.config.html#object-connections
User-defined objects	https://docs.python.org/3/library/logging.config.html#user-defined-objects
Handler configuration order	https://docs.python.org/3/library/logging.config.html#handler-configuration-order
Access to external objects	https://docs.python.org/3/library/logging.config.html#access-to-external-objects
Access to internal objects	https://docs.python.org/3/library/logging.config.html#access-to-internal-objects
Import resolution and custom importers	https://docs.python.org/3/library/logging.config.html#import-resolution-and-custom-importers
Configuring QueueHandler and QueueListener	https://docs.python.org/3/library/logging.config.html#configuring-queuehandler-and-queuelistener
Configuration file format	https://docs.python.org/3/library/logging.config.html#configuration-file-format
logging.handlers — Logging handlers	https://docs.python.org/3/library/logging.handlers.html
StreamHandler	https://docs.python.org/3/library/logging.handlers.html#streamhandler
FileHandler	https://docs.python.org/3/library/logging.handlers.html#filehandler
NullHandler	https://docs.python.org/3/library/logging.handlers.html#nullhandler
WatchedFileHandler	https://docs.python.org/3/library/logging.handlers.html#watchedfilehandler
BaseRotatingHandler	https://docs.python.org/3/library/logging.handlers.html#baserotatinghandler
RotatingFileHandler	https://docs.python.org/3/library/logging.handlers.html#rotatingfilehandler
TimedRotatingFileHandler	https://docs.python.org/3/library/logging.handlers.html#timedrotatingfilehandler
SocketHandler	https://docs.python.org/3/library/logging.handlers.html#sockethandler
DatagramHandler	https://docs.python.org/3/library/logging.handlers.html#datagramhandler
SysLogHandler	https://docs.python.org/3/library/logging.handlers.html#sysloghandler
NTEventLogHandler	https://docs.python.org/3/library/logging.handlers.html#nteventloghandler
SMTPHandler	https://docs.python.org/3/library/logging.handlers.html#smtphandler
MemoryHandler	https://docs.python.org/3/library/logging.handlers.html#memoryhandler
HTTPHandler	https://docs.python.org/3/library/logging.handlers.html#httphandler
QueueHandler	https://docs.python.org/3/library/logging.handlers.html#queuehandler
QueueListener	https://docs.python.org/3/library/logging.handlers.html#queuelistener
platform — Access to underlying platform’s identifying data	https://docs.python.org/3/library/platform.html
Cross platform	https://docs.python.org/3/library/platform.html#cross-platform
Java platform	https://docs.python.org/3/library/platform.html#java-platform
Windows platform	https://docs.python.org/3/library/platform.html#windows-platform
macOS platform	https://docs.python.org/3/library/platform.html#macos-platform
iOS platform	https://docs.python.org/3/library/platform.html#ios-platform
Unix platforms	https://docs.python.org/3/library/platform.html#unix-platforms
Linux platforms	https://docs.python.org/3/library/platform.html#linux-platforms
Android platform	https://docs.python.org/3/library/platform.html#android-platform
Command-line usage	https://docs.python.org/3/library/platform.html#command-line-usage
errno — Standard errno system symbols	https://docs.python.org/3/library/errno.html
ctypes — A foreign function library for Python	https://docs.python.org/3/library/ctypes.html
ctypes tutorial	https://docs.python.org/3/library/ctypes.html#ctypes-tutorial
Loading dynamic link libraries	https://docs.python.org/3/library/ctypes.html#loading-dynamic-link-libraries
Accessing functions from loaded dlls	https://docs.python.org/3/library/ctypes.html#accessing-functions-from-loaded-dlls
Calling functions	https://docs.python.org/3/library/ctypes.html#calling-functions
Fundamental data types	https://docs.python.org/3/library/ctypes.html#fundamental-data-types
Calling functions, continued	https://docs.python.org/3/library/ctypes.html#calling-functions-continued
Calling variadic functions	https://docs.python.org/3/library/ctypes.html#calling-variadic-functions
Calling functions with your own custom data types	https://docs.python.org/3/library/ctypes.html#calling-functions-with-your-own-custom-data-types
Specifying the required argument types (function prototypes)	https://docs.python.org/3/library/ctypes.html#specifying-the-required-argument-types-function-prototypes
Return types	https://docs.python.org/3/library/ctypes.html#return-types
Passing pointers (or: passing parameters by reference)	https://docs.python.org/3/library/ctypes.html#passing-pointers-or-passing-parameters-by-reference
Structures and unions	https://docs.python.org/3/library/ctypes.html#structures-and-unions
Structure/union layout, alignment and byte order	https://docs.python.org/3/library/ctypes.html#structure-union-layout-alignment-and-byte-order
Bit fields in structures and unions	https://docs.python.org/3/library/ctypes.html#bit-fields-in-structures-and-unions
Arrays	https://docs.python.org/3/library/ctypes.html#arrays
Pointers	https://docs.python.org/3/library/ctypes.html#pointers
Thread safety without the GIL	https://docs.python.org/3/library/ctypes.html#thread-safety-without-the-gil
Type conversions	https://docs.python.org/3/library/ctypes.html#type-conversions
Incomplete Types	https://docs.python.org/3/library/ctypes.html#incomplete-types
Callback functions	https://docs.python.org/3/library/ctypes.html#callback-functions
Accessing values exported from dlls	https://docs.python.org/3/library/ctypes.html#accessing-values-exported-from-dlls
Surprises	https://docs.python.org/3/library/ctypes.html#surprises
Variable-sized data types	https://docs.python.org/3/library/ctypes.html#variable-sized-data-types
ctypes reference	https://docs.python.org/3/library/ctypes.html#ctypes-reference
Finding shared libraries	https://docs.python.org/3/library/ctypes.html#finding-shared-libraries
Listing loaded shared libraries	https://docs.python.org/3/library/ctypes.html#listing-loaded-shared-libraries
Loading shared libraries	https://docs.python.org/3/library/ctypes.html#loading-shared-libraries
Foreign functions	https://docs.python.org/3/library/ctypes.html#foreign-functions
Function prototypes	https://docs.python.org/3/library/ctypes.html#function-prototypes
Utility functions	https://docs.python.org/3/library/ctypes.html#utility-functions
Data types	https://docs.python.org/3/library/ctypes.html#data-types
Fundamental data types	https://docs.python.org/3/library/ctypes.html#ctypes-fundamental-data-types-2
Structured data types	https://docs.python.org/3/library/ctypes.html#structured-data-types
Arrays and pointers	https://docs.python.org/3/library/ctypes.html#arrays-and-pointers
Exceptions	https://docs.python.org/3/library/ctypes.html#exceptions
secrets — Generate secure random numbers for managing secrets	https://docs.python.org/3/library/secrets.html
os — Miscellaneous operating system interfaces	https://docs.python.org/3/library/os.html
Report a bug	https://docs.python.org/3/bugs.html
Show source	https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/main/Doc/library/allos.rst?plain=1
index	https://docs.python.org/3/genindex.html
modules	https://docs.python.org/3/py-modindex.html
next	https://docs.python.org/3/library/os.html
previous	https://docs.python.org/3/library/secrets.html
Python	https://www.python.org/
3.14.2 Documentation	https://docs.python.org/3/index.html
The Python Standard Library	https://docs.python.org/3/library/index.html
Generic Operating System Services	https://docs.python.org/3/library/allos.html
Copyright	https://docs.python.org/3/copyright.html
History and License	https://docs.python.org/license.html
Please donate.	https://www.python.org/psf/donations/
Found a bug	https://docs.python.org/bugs.html
Sphinx	https://www.sphinx-doc.org/

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